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Disney's 12 Animation Principles - Coggle Diagram
Disney's 12 Animation Principles
Squash and Stretch
the most important principle all
gives the illusion of weight, mass, flexibility, and gravity to a character or an object
Anticipation
applying anticipation when animating movements helps prepare the viewers as the scene unfolds
gives life to animated movements, making the scene natural and realistic
Without it, the movements appear stale, awkward, unnatural, and lifeless
Staging
based on theatrical values to set the mood and draw the viewer’s attention to the important elements of the scene to advance the story
eliminates extra details in the background so the audience is focused on what’s happening in the scene even if the centre of the scene is always moving
applied through acting, timing, setting, and cinematography
Straight Ahead Action & Pose to Pose
these animation techniques give you control over the scene, allowing you to enhance the dramatic effect of the motion
Straight Ahead involves illustrating each frame of an action, one after another
this technique is more spontaneous so the effect is fresh and surprising, also helping to create fluid, realistic movements
Pose to Pose is all about taking the extremes at the beginning and end of the action then filling the frames in between
because the action is planned, the effect isn’t as spontaneous
this technique gives you more control over the action in a scene
Follow Through and Overlapping Action
these animation techniques are meant to give the impression that the characters are following the laws of physics
Follow through refers to the movement after the action itself to convey weight and realism
When a character suddenly stops moving, certain character features, continue to move due to the force of the forward momentum
Ease in and Ease Out
refers to the gradual changes of an object’s speed to convey realistic movements
makes the movements fluid, life-like, and believable
Arc
characters do not move in a straight line because if such is the case, the movements would appear stiff and unnatural
living beings move in circular paths, not in a straight line
Arc features a curved trajectory to mimic the natural movements of the human body
Secondary Action
gives personality and insight into the character, it should never distract the viewers nor dominate the entire scene
refers to the gesture that supports the main action. This is done to add depth and dimension to the character
adds realism to the scene
Timing
refers to the timeline where the action is set in every frame
meant to establish the personality of the character and to also convey the emotion of the character
perfect timing can be used to enhance the emotional impact of a scene
Exaggeration
often used for dramatic or comedic effects
works by distorting the facial features, expressions, body movements, or body types to convey an action or emotion clearly as well as to enhance the storytelling
effect is meant to make the essence of the action apparent, hence, more impactful
Solid Drawing
designed to impart a three-dimensional effect to animated work to enhance the realism of the scene
accuracy is everything when integrating solid drawing in an animated scene
illustrations must feature volume, balance, and weight to create the illusion of a 3D object
need to achieve balance and weight in every character pose
Appeal
does not necessarily mean creating characters that are pleasing to the eye
each character should have interesting aspects to them to enhance the storytelling
want to achieve a good balance between simplicity and detail when working on a character to hold your viewers’ attention
creating a character that the audience could relate to is another way to make the story interesting
experimenting with a character’s many features, shapes, and proportions is one way to create engaging characters
highlighting the most defining feature of a character is also another technique that adds appeal to the storyline
interesting typeface, juxtaposing images, or creating a visual translation is also a great way to make the scene engaging
Links:
https://academyofanimatedart.com/the-12-principles-of-animation-according-to-disney/
https://www.creativebloq.com/advice/understand-the-12-principles-of-animation