The paper provides an overview of how watersheds are managed in Indonesia, highlighting challenges and study goals. It examines the current state of watershed management, identifies existing problems, and suggests solutions based on studies and experiences from across the country. The importance of using watersheds as a focus for development policies is emphasized. Issues such as mismatched laws, conflicts between management and public administration, and lack of integration into regional planning are highlighted. The authors call for proper watershed management institutions, community involvement, and effective tools to ensure sufficient data for successful management from planning to evaluation, drawing on experiences at different levels and various references.