Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - Coggle Diagram
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Altered Physiology Leading to SLE
Autoantibody Production
Anti-nuclear antibodies (ANAs)
Anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibodies
Anti-Smith (anti-Sm) antibodies
Immune Complex Formation
Deposition in tissues
Activation of complement system
Recruitment of inflammatory cells
Immune Tolerance Breakdown
Hormonal factors (estrogen)
Environmental triggers (infections, UV light, medications)
Genetic predisposition
Clinical Manifestations
Renal Involvement (Lupus Nephritis)
Hematuria
Reduced renal function
Proteinuria
Cardiovascular Involvement
Myocarditis
Increased risk of atherosclerosis
Pericarditis
Skin Involvement
Malar rash
Photosensitivity
Neurological Involvement (Neuropsychiatric Lupus)
Cognitive dysfunction
Mood disorders
Seizures
Psychosis
General Symptoms
Fever
Arthralgia
Fatigue
Myalgia
Multi-System Alterations in Function
Cardiovascular System
Endothelial dysfunction
Myocardial infarction and stroke risk
Chronic inflammation
Neurological System
Thrombosis
Direct neuronal damage
Vasculitis
Renal System
Glomerulonephritis
Progression to end-stage renal disease
Hematological System
Leukopenia
Thrombocytopenia
Anemia
Treatment Modalities
Biologic Agents
Belimumab
Targets B-cell activating factor (BAFF)
Rituximab
Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody
Supportive Treatments
ACE Inhibitors/ARBs for lupus nephritis
Controls hypertension
Reduces proteinuria
Anticoagulants for antiphospholipid syndrome
Reduces risk of thrombosis
Antimalarial Drug
Hydroxychloroquine
Improves survival rates
Reduces thrombotic events
Reduces disease flares
Immunosuppressive Therapies
Corticosteroids
Side effects management
Anti-inflammatory effects
Azathioprine, Mycophenolate Mofetil, Cyclophosphamide
Immunosuppressive effects