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4.1 THE NEW MEDIA - Coggle Diagram

- - - - The growth of digital technology in the 1990s resulted in changes in teh way information is stored and transmitted. All information, regardless of format (for example, images, text and sound) is now converted into binary code.
    - - Digitalisation resulted in the convergence of diffferent types of information - text, photographs, video, film, voices and music - into a single delivery system, available to media such as smart television, laptop, tablet and smartphone.
        
        As Boyle (2005) notes, digitalisation allows information to be delivered across a range of media platforms that were once separate and unconnected technologies. It is now possile to watch television and films etc on one site
    - - The technological convergence has also produced economic convergence.
        Media and telecommunication industries that once previously produced separate and distinct systems of communication, such as the telephone, television programmes or computers, began to make economic alliances with each other because digitalisation reduced the boundaries between emdai sectors.
        It was this cross-fertilisation of ideas and resources, underponned by digitalisation, that produced these new forms of converged multimedia delivery systems.
    - - Jenkins notes that media convergence has also produced cultural covergence because it has changed the way that members of society interact with both the media and each other.
        For example, the new media have changed the nature of consumerism in the UK. In 2012, the organisation for economic cooperation and development (OECD) found that six out of ten Brtish adults used the internet to buy products such as food, clothing, music, insurance or holidays.
        Moreover, the new media have changed the way that people interact with one another. For example, a report by Ofcom (2014) found that Facebook reamins the default social networking site for 96% of UK adults who are online, while over 9 million people in the UK communicate with others via Twitter,
    - - The new media are interactive media that are responsivve in 'real time' to user input through clicking on links or selecting menu items with a mouse.
        THe internet epitomises such interactive media because it lets users select the stories that they want to read or watch, in the order that they want or to read watch them.
        They can also mix and match the information they want - for instance, people may access news from several different sources
    - - The new media are interactive media that are responsive in real time to user input through licking on links or selecting menu items with a mouse. The internet epitomises usch interactive media because it lets users select the stories that they want to read or watch, in the order that they want to read or watch them.
        They can also mix and match the information they want - for istance, people may access news from several different sources.
    - - Jenkins argues that media audiences today can now interact with a variety of media, often using a single ddevice in their search fro entertainment, information, social relationshipos, services and so on.
        This means that today's new media audience hhas a greater degree of choice compared with pre-1990s media audiences.
        Boyle (2005) notes that society's use of television has evolved from a system of supply-led television to a demand-led television, organised around the idea that the viewers or subscribers should choose what they want to watch and when. Viewers are no longer constrained by television schedules.
    - - New media audiences are no longer passive receivers of entertainment, knowledge and so on. Instead they often actively collaborate with new media and other users by uploading content to sharing sites such as Youtube, Facebook and Ted Talks, by sharing sites and by letting others know about theirr opinions via Twitter and Reddit.
    - - Jenkins also suggests that this participatory culture is producing a 'collective intelligence'. He notes 'none of us can know everything; eah of us knows something; if we pool our resources and combine our skills'.
        He claims that this collective intelligence, which is costructed by new media users, challenges traditional and official ways of seeing the world provided by media owners, politicians, civil servants and so on. Jenkins claims that new media content is an alternative user-led source of information that is often critical of information produced top-down by traditional forms of media.