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Extra-oral bitter taste receptors - Coggle Diagram
Extra-oral bitter taste receptors
Bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs) -(TAS2R10-14, TAS2R38, TAS2R7-8, TAS2R14, etc.)
Location of receptor
Intestinal smooth muscle cells
Human gastric smooth muscle cells
Brain
Gastrointestinal endocrine cells (Gut endocrine cells)
Others
Activation of Bitter taste receptors
Compounds/TAS2R agonists/bitter compounds that are agonists for TAS2R receptors)
Denatonium benzoate
Chloroquine
Phenylthiocarbamide
Propylthiouracil (PROP)
Others
Physiological effect on activation of extra oral bitter taste receptor
Timescale
Mechanism/biochemical pathway (linking to satiety/appetite/food satisfaction)
Release of gut hormones
Ghrelin secretion
Motilin secretion
Cholecystokinin CCK secretion
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), peptide YY (PYY) secretion
Other Pathways
Method/techniques for studying the effect on Bitter taste receptors
Taste qualities
Bitter
Bitter and sweet
Bitter and other combination(umami, sour, salty and fat)
Link between other receptor and bitter receptor
Factors that cause liking of Bitterness by various individuals
Genetics
Age
Gender
Others
Change of factors over lifetime with respect to liking of bitterness by various individuals
Gut microbiome
Type of gut microbiota
Interaction of microbiota and microbiome
Chronic inflammation
Mechanism/Impact
Techniques/methods used for study
Benefits/Effects
Sateity
Appetite
Gastric emptying
Food Satisfaction/satiation
Obesity/weight control
Other benefits
Products Formulation
Food
Supplements
Others