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THE SEVENTEETH CENTURY AND THE ENGLISH REVOLUTION - Coggle Diagram
THE SEVENTEETH CENTURY AND THE ENGLISH REVOLUTION
JAMES I (1603-1625)
James believed strongly in the divine right of kings, which often brought him into conflict with Parliament.
James I succeeded Elizabeth I in 1603, uniting the crowns of England and Scotland
His reign faced financial problems and religious tensions, particularly with Puritans seeking further reform of the Church of England
CHARLES I (1625-1649)
Charles I, son of James I, ascended to the throne in 1625.
Charles signed this document, agreeing not to levy taxes without Parliament's consent, but he did not adhere to it.
Charles dissolved Parliament and ruled without it for eleven years, a period known as the Personal Rule or the Eleven Years' Tyranny
His belief in the divine right of kings and his attempts to govern without Parliament led to increasing tensions.
THE ENGLISH CIVIL WAR (1642-1651)
Oliver Cromwell emerged as a key leader of the Parliamentarians
The war was fought between the Royalists (Cavaliers), who supported the king, and the Parliamentarians (Roundheads), who sought a greater role for Parliament in governance
T
HE DEFEAT AND EXECUTION OF THE RING
The Parliamentarians ultimately defeated the Royalists. Charles I was captured in 1646, escaped, and was recaptured in 1648
Charles I was tried for treason by a High Court of Justice established by the Rump Parliament. He was found guilty and executed on January 30, 1649.
THE COMMONWEALTH (1649-1660)
England was declared a Commonwealth, a republic, under the leadership of Oliver Cromwell.
Cromwell became Lord Protector in 1653 until his death in 1658.
After Cromwell's death, his son Richard briefly succeeded him but lacked support. The Commonwealth collapsed, leading to the Restoration of the monarchy.
THE RESTORATION (1660)
Charles II, son of Charles I, was invited to return to England and restore the monarchy.
This period marked the return of the Stuart dynasty and the re-establishment of the monarchy, the Church of England, and traditional institutions.
THE WAR AGAINST HOLLAND (ANGLO-DUTCH WARS)
England fought three wars against the Dutch in the mid-to-late seventeenth century over trade and maritime dominance.
These wars had significant economic and political impacts, influencing the balance of power in Europe and the development of the British Navy
THE GLORIOUS REVOLUTION (1688)
The reign of Charles II's brother, James II (1685-1688), saw increased tensions due to his Catholicism and attempts to centralize power.
James II was deposed in the Glorious Revolution
James II's daughter Mary and her husband, William of Orange, were invited to take the throne as joint sovereigns, ruling as William III and Mary II.
This revolution led to the establishment of constitutional monarchy and the Bill of Rights, limiting the powers of the monarchy and laying the foundation for modern parliamentary democracy.