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CELL STRUCTURE AND ORGANISATION - Coggle Diagram
CELL STRUCTURE AND ORGANISATION
Animal Cell
Small Vacuoles: Contains air, food or liquid particles.
Ribosomes: (only observable under electron microscope) Synthesizes proteins in cell.
Nucleus: Contains genetic materials in chromosomes and controls cell reproductions, cell growth and other cellular activities.
Cell surface membrane: Partially permeable and controls substances entering and leaving cell.
Cytoplasm: The site of many chemical reactions
Mitochondria: (only observable under electron microscope) Aerobic respiration occurs to release energy for cell activities.
Specialized Cells: Structure vs Function
Root Hair Cells
Long and narrow extension to increase surface area to volume ratio which increases the rate of absorption of water and mineral salts.
Red Blood Cells
No nucleus to contain more haemoglobin to transport more oxygen.
Biconcave shape to increase surface area to volume ratio, which increases rate of oxygen diffusion in and out of cell.
Contains haemoglobin which absorbs and transports oxygen from lungs to rest of body.
Elastic to squeeze through blood capillaries.
Muscle Cells
Contains many mitochondria so it has a higher rate of aerobic respiration to release more energy for contraction of muscle cells.
Plant Cell
Nucleus: Contains genetic materials in chromosomes and controls cell reproductions, cell growth and other cellular activities.
Cell wall: Made of cellulose, is fully permeable, supports cell to give it a regular shape and protects cell from injuries
Chloroplast: Contains chlorophyll (green pigment) which carry out photosynthesis
Tonoplast (not in syllabus)
Large Central Vacuole: Contains cell sap which contains water, sugar and dissolved substances
Mitochondria: (only observable under electron microscope) Aerobic respiration occurs to release energy for cell activities.
Cytoplasm: The site of many chemical reactions