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Civil Procedure - Coggle Diagram

- - - - P can make as many claims as it has against the D(s)
    - - May be brought by any party against co-party if claim arises out of same T/O as original claim or counterclaim
    - - Permissive
        
        D can assert any other claims it has against P
      - Compulsory
        
        D must assert if arise out of same T/O, or waived
  - - - Must join indispensable party
    - - May join parties for claims involving same T/O or series of T/Os
  - - - Must be asserted in answer or waived
    - - 21 days from service of complaint
- - - - Made within 28 days of judgment
      - Grounds are same as motion made during trial
    - - Made within 28 days of judgment
      - Granted in court's discretion if errors affected substantive rights at trial or verdict was against manifest weight of the evidence
- - - - Named P's + class counsel must fairly & adequately represent class
    - - So numerous joinder would be impracticable (AT LEAST 40)
    - - Claims of named P's typical of class
    - - Common issues of fact & law