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Ch. 6 Measurement of Constructs - Coggle Diagram
Ch. 6 Measurement of Constructs
Conceptualization
is the mental process by which fuzzy and imprecise constructs and components are defined in concrete terms.
Imprecision and vagueness
Multidimensional constructs
two or more underlying dimensions using different tests.
Unidimensional constructs
are expected to have a single underlying dimension and can be measured by one test.
Reification
is the process regarding mental constructs.
Operationalization
is the process of developing indicators for measuring these constructs. Indicators operate at the empirical level.
Variable
is a combination of indicators at the empirical level representing a given construct.
Attributes or Vaules
Values Quantitative or Qualitative
Reflective indicator
is measure that reflects an underlying construct,
Formative indicator
is a measure that forms or contributes to an underlying construct.
Levels of Measurement called Rating Scales
refer to the values that indicator can take.
Nominal scales
are used for variables or indicators that have mutually exclusive attributes. Categorical scales.
Ordinal scales
are measured rank-ordered data.
Interval scales
are values measured are not only rank-ordered but are equal distance between.
Ratio scales
have all the qualities of the forementioned and in addition have a "true zero" point.
Rating Scales - Binary scales
(nominal data);
Likert scales
(ordinal data),
Semantic differential scale
(multi-item scale),
Guttman scale
(composite scale increasing in order)
Scaling
is branch of measurement that involves the construction of measures by associating qualitative judgements with quantitative metric units.
Unidimensional measures a single scale
Multidimensional measures multiple scales
Thursonte's equal appearing scaling method scale items are generated to measure this construct.
Likert's summative scaling method most popular uses a clear definition of construct interest.
Guttman's cumulative scaling assumes that the people willingness to participate in social relations with other people vary in intensity.
Index
is a composite score derived from aggregating measures of multiple constructs using a set of rules and formulas.
CPI measures how much consumers pay
SEI is a combination of three constructs: income, education and occupation
Typologies
summarize measures of two or more constructs to create a set of categories or types.