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OLIGOMENORRHEA - Coggle Diagram
OLIGOMENORRHEA
ETIOLOGY
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- Pelvic inflammatory disease
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- Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus
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PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
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- During the follicular phase, estrogen section rises while other hormone levels are low.
- At ovulation luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone surges are associated with falling estrogen levels.
- Secretions of progestrone and estrogen again are characteristic of the luteal phase ending with menstruation.
INVESTIGATION
III. Imaging : Ultrasound, Xray, CT Scan, MRI
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II. Blood test : Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), Folicle stimulating hormone (FSH), Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA).
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MANAGEMENT
I. NURSING CARE
- Administration medication according to prescription such as right patient, right medication, right dosage, right route, right time, right documentation and right refuse.
- Record tracking and saving documentation for support diagnosis and as a proof of activities.
- Insert and monitoring intravenous normal saline drip to avoid electrolyte imbalanced.
- Taking and monitoring vital sign such as blood pressure, pulse rate, respiration rate, temperature and pain score for show progress toward recovery.
- Applying to the patient a heating pad to the abdomen.
- Rest in bed according to supine or recumbent, semi fowler and fowler position.
- Encourage patient to drink more water
II. HEALTH EDUCATION
- Take the medication with correct dosage and timing according to doctor prescription such as 2 time per day (BD), 3 time per day (TDS), 4 time per day (QID), immediately (Stat) and when necessary (PRN).
- Attending follow up treatment according to the time and date given by doctor.
- Consume a balanced diet based on the food pyramid such as intake of high protein food, carbohydrate food, vegetable and fruits.
- Encourage drinking 8 glasses of boiled water a day to prevent dehydration in the body.
- Avoid drinking alcohol and smoking cigarrettes because it can affect the health.
- Practice a healthy and active lifestyle by doing light exercise such as jogging, walking, yoga and so on for a speed recovery capability
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- Avoid eat salty food and spicy food
I. MEDICATION
SYMPTOMATIC
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs) - Tab ibuprofen 200-300mg
- Medroxyprogesterone 150mg PRN
- Analgesic and antipyretic - paracetamol1g TDS
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PROGNOSIS
- Can cured (if follow early treatment
- Cannot cured (late treatment and severe complication
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COMPLICATION
- Neuropsychiatric complication
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