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What are the potential long-term impacts of climate change on coastal…
What are the potential long-term impacts of climate change on coastal ecosystems and communities?
Socioeconomic Impacts
Impact on Coastal Communities
Displacements and migration
Forced Relocation
Urbanization Pressure
Loss of Livelihoods
Loss of Property and Infrastructure
Reconstruction Costs
Flooding and Storm Surges
Erosion
Economic Consequences
Damage to Fisheries and Aquaculture
Decline in Fish Stocks
Aquaculture Challenges
Loss of Tourism Revenue
Degraded Natural Attractions
Economic Impact
Loss of jobs and revenue in tourism-dependent regions
Reduced Visitor Numbers
Adaptation Costs
Increased Insurance Costs and Economic Instability
Rising costs of insuring properties and businesses in vulnerable areas
Companies withdrawing from high-risk markets
Need for public policies and programs to support uninsured or underinsured populations
Health Impacts
Mental Health Issues Related to Displacement
Psychological Stress
Access to Mental Health Services
Long-term Impact
Akpinar-Elci, M., Rose, S., & Kekeh, M. (2018). Well-being and mental health impact of household flooding in Guyana, the Caribbean. Marine Technology Society Journal, 52(2), 18–22.
Waterborne Diseases
Contaminated Water Supplies
Healthcare Strain
Prevention and Education
Physical Impacts on Coastal Areas
Sea Level Rise
Coastal Erosion
Increased Flooding
Saltwater Intrusion
Extreme Weather Events
More Frequent and Intense Storms
Storm Surges
Increased Frequency and Intensity
Ocean Acidification
Reduced Shell and Skeleton Growth
Slower growth and development
Weaker and thinner shells and skeletons
Increased vulnerability to predators and physical damage
Bamber, R.N. 1987. The effects of acidic sea water on young carpet-shell clams Venerupis decussata (L.) (Mollusca: Veneracea). J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 108: 241–260.
Behavioral Changes of marine animals
Ability to find food and mates
Navigation and migration patterns
Sensitivity to predators
increase coastal erosion
Temperatures Impact
Ocean Warming
Changes in Precipitation Patterns
Ecological Impacts
Biodiversity Loss
Habitat Destruction
Hughes, T. P., et al. (2017). "Global warming and recurrent mass bleaching of corals." Nature, 543(7645), 373-377.
Coral Reefs
Mangroves
Species Migration and Extinction
Range shifts due to temperature changes
Localized extinctions of sensitive species
Invasive species proliferation
Changes in marine life
Altered Fish Populations
Cheung, W. W. L., et al. (2010). "Large-scale redistribution of maximum fisheries catch potential in the global ocean under climate change." Global Change Biology, 16(1), 24-35.
Disruption of Breeding and Feeding
Ocean Acidification
Effects on Shellfish and Coral
Kroeker, K. J., et al. (2013). "Impacts of ocean acidification on marine organisms: quantifying sensitivities and interaction with warming." Global Change Biology, 19(6), 1884-1896.
Impact on Marine Food Webs
Changes in plankton communities
Altered nutrient cycling
Cascading effects on higher trophic levels
Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies
Ecosystem-Based Adaptation
Coral Reef Conservation
Increased Resilience of Coastal Areas
Benefits to Marine Biodiversity
Climate Adaptation
Restoration of Mangroves and Wetlands
Improved coastal resilience
Carbon Sequestration
Carbon Sequestration
Enhanced Biodiversity
Policy and Governance
National and Local Policy Changes
Community Engagement and Support
Local Initiatives
Education and Awareness
Public Participation
Social Equity
Success in Specific Policy Initiatives
Climate Adaptation Plans
Sustainable Urban Planning
Renewable Energy Policies
International Agreements and Cooperation
Shared Resources and Knowledge
Data Sharing
Capacity Building
Research and Development
Enhanced Global Efforts to Combat Climate Change
Global Collaboration
Climate Finance
Paris Agreement
Community Resilience
Sustainable coastal management
Community involvement in management practices
Balance between development and conservation
Building Sea Walls
Technical and financial challenges in deployment and upkeep
Reduced flood risk and damage in protected areas
Flood Defenses
Engineering challenges in construction and maintenance
Significant reduction in flood damage
Technological and Scientific Approaches
Coastal Defense Structures
Sea walls
levees
storm surge barriers
Green Infrastructure
Mangrove restoration
artificial reefs
Early Warning Systems
Climate forecasting
disaster preparedness
Climate Modeling
General Circulation Models
Regional Climate Models
Earth System Models
Ecological Monitoring
Remote Sensing
Spectral Signatures
Spatial Resolution
Temporal Resolution
Citizen Science
Public Participation
Crowdsourcing
Community-Based Monitoring
legal and regulatory framework
international legal system about costal ecosystem
What are the laws about costal eco system
https://www.imo.org/en/OurWork/Environment/Pages/contact-default.aspx
https://www.cbd.int/intro
https://www.unep.org/topics/ocean-seas-and-coasts/regional-seas-programme
https://www.un.org/depts/los/convention_agreements/texts/unclos/unclos_e.pdf
Advantages of the laws in internationally
Issues on international laws
Impact of the law
international legal system about coastal communities
What are the laws about costal communities
https://unfccc.int/process-and-meetings/what-is-the-united-nations-framework-convention-on-climate-change
https://unfccc.int/process-and-meetings/the-paris-agreement
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/374737891_Legal_Protection_for_Environment_and_Coastal_Community_from_Marine_Ecosystem_Degradation_and_Climate_Change_Impact
https://doi.org/10.1006/rwos.2001.0415
Effectiveness about the laws
Law enforcement
Practical Issues
Community feedback
Impact to the communities
Country wise legal system about coastal communities and ecosystem
What are the countries maintaining the laws
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2005.09.001
https://openknowledge.fao.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/432320bc-e00e-405c-8e35-6d2644b91790/content
https://soe.dcceew.gov.au/coasts/environment/coastal-ecosystems-and-habitats
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2022.106057
https://www.wcel.org/program/coastal-communities
https://www.mcsuk.org/news/uk-seas-worth-billions-at-risk-from-retained-eu-law-bill/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/227307834_Towards_a_Coastal_Area_Management_Act_for_the_Russian_Federation
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/marine-science/articles/10.3389/fmars.2024.1409772/full
https://www.env.go.jp/earth/coop/coop/document/ttmnc_e/08-ttmnce-3.pdf
What are the outdated laws
What countries are ignoring the laws and effect of that
Cultural and Social Impacts
Impact on indigenous communities
Loss of traditional land and livelihood
Consequences
Loss of cultural identity
Economic hardships
Displacement
Displacement and resettlement challenges
Economic impacts on traditional livelihoods
Psychological and social effects of land loss
Loss of cultural heritage in coastal areas
Consequences
Loss of cultural practices
Weakening of community bonds
Loss of sacred sites and cultural landscapes
Impacts on traditional ecological knowledge
Inter-generational cultural transmission may get affected
Changes in Lifestyle
Alteration of Traditional Fishing Practices
Changes in fish migration patterns
Adoption of new fishing techniques due to changes in the environment
Conflicts over fishing rights
Changes in Dietary Habits and Local Cuisine
Shifts in available food resources necessitate changes in diet and culinary practices.
Consequences
Nutritional deficits
Loss of culinary traditions
Impact on food security
Changes in local seafood market
Adaptions made to traditional recipes
Social Structure and Community Dynamics
Community cohesion and social networks
Increased social isolation
Reduces community resilience
Impact on family structures
Changes in community support systems
Social inequality and vulnerability
Increased social and economic inequality
Differential impacts on vulnerable populations
Access to resources and services
Social justice and equity issues
Cultural Adaptation and Resilience
Preservation of Cultural Practices
Should make an effort to maintain cultural identity and continuity
Adaption of cultural practices to new environments
Conducting cultural education and awareness programs
Community based adaption strategies
Participatory planning and decision-making
Use of traditional ecological knowledge in adaptation
Building local capacity and leadership
Examples and case stuies
Alaskan Native Villages
Disruption of traditional lifestyles
Southeast Asian Coastal Villages
Threats
Changing monsoon patterns
Rising sea levels
Coastal communities affected
Vietnam
Thailand
Pacific Island Communities
Inundation of entire islands
Displacement of communitites
Erasing cultural landmarks