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MUSIC AND COMPUTING REVISION, Rhythm - Coggle Diagram
MUSIC AND COMPUTING REVISION
Computing
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)
Write CSS code to set: background colours, font colours, font sizes, margins, padding, text alignment, font styles
Ip Address
A string of numbers represent every different device that is connected to the internet
e.g 92.63.231.98
(thats my house)
MUSIC!!!
SOUNDS AND STUFF
DIEGETIC SOUNDS!
A sound that we and the characters in the film/game can hear such as dialogue!
SEMI DIEGETIC SOUNDS!!
A sound that fades from diegetic to non-diegetic and vice versa
NON DIEGETIC SOUNDS
A sound that only we can hear and the characters in the game/film CAN'T hear such as the score!
Foley Technique!
Where people makes sounds and other effects for films or games by using a variety of items such as a running tap for a waterfall or walking on actual sand for moving!
ORDER OF BRASS INSTRUMENTZZ FROM LOWEST TO HIGHEST PITCH
Tuba,French Horn,Trobone,Trumpet
PHONIES!!!
Monophony
One Sound, One Instrument!
Polyphony
Many Sounds, Being More than One Instrument!
Antiphony
Opposite Sounds like a Call and Response!
Homophony
Same Sound but accompanied by many instruments!!!
Leitmotifs and Fanfares!
Leitmotifs!
A musical tune or theme that is
connected to a character, place, idea, situation or more.
Short
Fanfares!
A grand and heroic sounding theme that accompanies something like a superhero!
Mainly brass instruments, triplets, monophonic/harmonic textures and triadic movement!
Phase Shifting/Prime Row Tech!
Inversion!
a technique where we reverse intervals, where if an E went up to a G it would be inverted to go down to a C
retrograde!
A technique where the whole melody is played backwards!
Inversion retrograde!
all of them combined! hell!!
Consonant and Dissonant!
consonant is when 2 or more sounds/tones are played together to make a nice and pleasant sound!
dissonant is when 2 or more sounds/tones are played together to make a not-as-nice and unpleasant sound
Conjunct and Disjunct
A conjunct melody is a melody that moves in a step wise motion!
A disjunct melody is a melody that moves more like leaps, ascending and descending.
20TH CENTURY MUSIC!
The History Behind It + Notable Figures!
History
Around the 20th Century, Classical music split up into many different styles and genres from what it used to be, due to the rapidly changing developments of music! Lots of the traditional techniques and styles were ignored and flipped on its head!
Notable Figures!
Minimalism!
Steve Reich!
Used
Phase Shifting
, a technique where 2 or more identical patterns of music are repeated, gradually becoming more out of sync, changing the entire texture of the piece!
Made pieces like
clapping music
and
come out!
Arvo Part!
Used
Tintinnabuli
(from tintinnabulum meaning bell), a technique where the chords were created from bell ringing which made elegant melodies! Also has the rule where the melody and the accompaniment is one.
Made a famous piece called
Speigel im Spiegel
, otherwise known as mirrors in mirrors
Terry Riley!
Used
modular music,
a technique where music is created through repetition and overlapping music ideas and elements, creating a texture which changes for each performance!
His most significant piece was
In C
, which the duration changed for each performance!
Expressionism!
Pendreki!
I wouldn't prioritise this as this isn't as important as the minimalism topic. Basically just used all of the techniques commonly found in expressionism
He made a piece named
Threnody for the Victims of Hiroshima
Serialism!
Arnold Shoenberg!
Uses the
Prime Row
technique alongside the inversion and other tech. This was all mathematical and gave a different approach to expressing emotion through music!
One piece he made was named
Suite for Piano, Op 25
Aleatoric!
John Cage!
There isn't any key technique here, just being Aleatoric as a gerne itself, where it was all randomised!
One example is from John Cage's piece,
'Music Of Change'
inspired from the Chinese Diviation being I Ching. John Cage used this to make the piece. He also made
Imaginary Landscape.
Prepared Piano!
Different Styles!
Minimalism!
This was a style of 20th Century Music, where in mid-20th century they'd make music from repetitive and simple music ideas accompanied by a
slow harmonic rhythm.
The melody would change gradually (gradual transformation) and ostinato (repeating part) are also used!
This technique was made against the other types such as
expressionism
and
serialism
due to them being too intellectual and complex. Minimalism was simple and easy to understand, also gaining a larger audience through emotion.
This also was paralleled by abstract art!
One of the most notable producers was
Steve Reich,
with his use of phase shifting and his pieces
clapping music
,
come out
and more.
Phase shifting can be found on the other side of the mindmap, with the inversion and all that tech
Graphic Scores!
This is when the notation for a piece was literally just images or other wack so they could express themselves in music differently on paper, with images, lines, shapes and other honestly stupid wack. Doesn't make sense to me but it made sense to them
We hard glazed over this topic so I'd just add the composer here.
Cornelius Cardew, a significant figure who used a technique known as
collective improvisation
where it isn't even detailed how he does it on the slides. This is a very vague topic just pray it isn't on the test
Expressionism!
Name says it all. It's a music genre that occurred before Minimalism, where it was all about
excessive emotional expression,
with all of the random and unpredictable nature at the time. This was also shown in abstract art!!
It was made as a reaction against the Romantic Music, where the Romantic Music did express emotion but through harmony and more traditional methods. Expressionism wanted to break this!
This included the piece being
extremely disjunct
at times,
atonal with extreme dissonance,
extreme pitches
with
large ensembles!
alongside their own instrument techniques like banging the side of a timpani instead the top
overall just wack go listen to something else smh
Serialism!
This was expressionism but instead of all the extreme and overall wack emotional expression they'd use a more
mathematical,strict and logical approach.
This was made by
Arnold Schoenberg
who used to do expressionist music but then went to go make serialism!
Like expressionism, Serialism is
Atonal
and focuses on a
Twelve Tone Technique!
where all 12 tones MUST be stated before a new row can start. This being a
Prime Row
In the Prime Row,
ALL of the 12 pitches from Middle C to Higher C
must be used (including #'s) and cannot be used twice. This can be in any octave!
This can be altered through
Retrograde, Inversion and Retrograde-Inversion,
mentioned somewhere else on the mindmap.
Aleatoric Music!
This isn't much of an idea but instead, the composition actually leaves the musical decisions
up to the performer
instead of an exact note or anything. This makes the music almost wholly
improvised and structured randomly!
It comes from the latin word alea, meaning dice.
One famous composer would be
John Cage
where he'd use a prepared piano. This prepared piano was literally just a regular piano but it was
filled with nuts, bolts, random items and the latter.
This would make the piano sound different and
prepared
He was also taught by Arnold Schoenberg!
You could randomise your music in many ways, from a hexagram system being from
Music of Changes
by John Cage, a flip of a coin and more!
1 more item...
Block and Broken Chords!
Block chords are when notes are played simultaneously, like them being held together!
Broken chords are when the notes are played one after the other and NOT held together.
Timbre!
The Quality of a Music Note, with the pitch and intensity!
Articulation!
Staccato, Legato, all that tech!
ART REVISION
who is a famous austrian painter?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mX7Z0dRXjJc
Rhythm
beats and music
Ba dum dum dum.
Harmony, melody, dissonance, constanance, accelerando,
