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south America and the Middle east, coasts, first crack - cave - arch -…
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coasts
erosion
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Abrasion
when rocks and other materials carried by the sea are picked up by strong waves and thrown against the coastline causing more material to be broken off and carried away by the sea.
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weathering
biological
is caused by the movements of plants and animals. For example, a rabbit can burrow into a crack in a rock making it bigger and eventually splitting the rock, or a plant may grow in a crack in a rock and, as its roots grow, cause the crack to widen
physical
a process that causes rocks to crumble. It is the breaking down of rocks where they are located, caused by rainwater, temperature extremes and biological processes
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waves
constructive waves
constructive waves - have a stronger swash than backswash, shallow crest trough, have a long wave length, low wave frequency
destructive waves
destructive waves - have a stronger backswash than swash, deep crest and trough, high wave frequency, have a short wavelength
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