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Rosa Luxemburg - Coggle Diagram
Rosa Luxemburg
Human Nature
She accepted Marx’s argument that capitalism promoted exploitation and was at odds with humanity’s natural, fraternal instincts.
The proletariat will slowly gain class consciousness and once it is achieved there will be a spontaneous revolution
Like Marx, Luxemburg rejected the notion of a fixed, immutable human nature. She believed that human nature is shaped by social and historical conditions.
Luxemburg emphasized the potential for human freedom and creativity. She believed that under oppressive systems, such as capitalism, this potential is stifled.
Luxemburg placed a strong emphasis on the importance of collective action and solidarity. She believed that human nature includes a capacity for cooperation and mutual aid, which can be harnessed to build a more just and equitable society. The solidarity of the working class was seen as a powerful force for social change.
Society
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She believed that Marxs idea of historical materialism was flawed as it would leave capitalism intact and it did not need to be left until the final stages to be abolished
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The Economy
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Luxemburg rejected the Marxist–Leninist idea of revolution leading to a dictatorship of the proletariat. Instead, she advocated the immediate construction of a new democracy, underpinned by common ownership, open debate and election
Capitalism is not able to be reformed from the inside. It is inherently flawed and must be completely overthrown for socialists to start again
The state
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(Lenins ideas) A small disciplined hardcore socialist 'vanguard' party (in Russia these were Lenin and the Bolsheviks) lead a violent political revolution and seize control of the State and Economy. Overtime as socialism is embedded in society and resistance ends, the need for a State becomes unnecessary and it will wither away - leaving behind a communist utopia.
Luxemburg argued that the existence of a small disciplined 'elite' party would lead to a barrier between the socialist leaders and the mass membership.
She also feared that a vanguard party would be corrupted by power, and this would create inequality and social injustice (accurately predicting what happened in the Soviet Union, China, North Korea etc...)
Luxemburg always argued that any political change/revolution had to be led by the workers themselves.
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