Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Policy-making in the EU - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Norm production = EU
      - Single currency = EU
      - Share competencies = economic policy ; employment ; social protection
      - Not fully fledged federal system. WHY?
        
        Intergovernmental aspects
        
        Defense and security = intergovernmental agreements and decisions
        
        Regulatory state
        
        EU regulatory approach = international organizations traits = MS sovereignty in many areas / Eu more integrated powers and competencies
- - - - Deciding which issues should be placed on the public agenda - Pluralism + Executive dominance
    - - Commission lauchs studies, draft new laws + engaging with stake holders
    - - Adoption/rejection of policy/law proposal (decision-making)
    - - MS responsible/ Commission oversees/ CJEU can take legal action
      - IMPLEMETING ACTS = binding decision by the EC in consultation with MS in COMITOLOGY COMMITTEES
      - DELEGATED ACTS = EP and Council can revoke.
    - - Policy/ law worked or no?
- - - - Commission proposes ; EP advises ; Council decides ; Court adjudicates
    - - Avoid paralyzing effects of intergovernmental decision-making
      - Ensure that national governments had the ultimate control of final decision-making
  - - - Commissions proposes + draft up
      - EP votes and debates on the proposals
      - The Council of the European debates and votes by QMV and adopt final version (sometimes but rarely with the EP)
      - CJEU reviews + ensures correct interpretation/implentation of it
    - - Regulations
        
        Apply to all EU countries immediately, without needing to be converted into national laws.
      - Directives
        
        Goals to achieve but require national authorities to implement and achieve a specific result.
      - Decisions
        
        Binding on specific legal entities and not necessarily on all countries.
      - EU laws > national laws
      - EU laws review by CJEU
      - MS supervise by Commission
  - - - New policy areas where traditional law-making is not suitable or accepted by some Member States.
        
        Adopt a softer policy approach like the OECD's policy coordination in certain areas to balance national sovereignty and EU competence.
      - Enlargement of the EU leading to a more diverse and larger community requiring more flexibility in policy processes.
        
        SOLUTION
      - Growing concerns among Member States about supranational institutions overusing their power for their own benefit.
    - - History
        
        OMC started in macroeconomic policy coordination and later expanded to employment policy
      - Functionning
        
        Ideas advanced by the Commission
        
        MS agree by unanimity on policy goals
        
        MS proposes national actions plans (NAP)
        
        MS submit annual national progress reports (ANPRs) to the commission and the relevant council configuration
        
        No legal action if policy goal not achieve
        
        MS seek to achieve goals via voluntary action
      - Advantages
        
        Policy remains primarily a national responsibility
        
        National diversities are respected
        
        governments may agree to commit to stricter orientations and actions
      - Disadvantage
        
        Ultimately voluntary in nature = no punishments
  - - - Allocation + rellocation of financial ressources across groups,sectors, regions, countries
    - - Commission devises programms
      - Council of the EU + EU Council bargains over ressources allocation
      - Local and regional authorities (inclu committee of regions) try to influence EU institutions
  - - - EU council and the Council = main decision makers
      - QMV not available/ MS veto power
      - Right of initiative = Commission + MS
      - EP = consultative role
      - Political decisions > legal decisions = not enforceable by CJEU