Post-abandonment successionsoils in the precipitation-poor climate. However, already in the 1980s, was slow on the shallow acidicbecame clear that some of these grassland sites were being over-grown by shrubs and trees, while in others, competitive grasses suchas Arrhenatherum elatius and Calamagrostis epigejos were spreadingChytrý, 1990; Fiala et al., 2004; Holub et al., 2012). Fortunately,many of these grassland sites have been designated as protectedareas, and conservation management through grazing or mowinghas been implemented, especially since the 1990s. However, man-agement practices, frequency and intensity have varied considerably