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Environmental Health in Health Systems - Coggle Diagram
Environmental Health in Health Systems
Environmental Health is a key part of Primary Health Care
Primary Healthcare - MUST address the main health problems in the community, providing promotive, preventive, curative and rehabilitative services accordingly.- preventative NB
Environmental health is key for preventative measures
Good EH contributes to promotion of wellness and prevention of diseases primarily through controlling environmental factors that impact health negatively.
Health Policy
Many of the determinants of health and health inequities in populations have social, environmental, and economic origins that extend beyond the direct influence of the health sector and health policies
Thus, public policies in all sectors and at different levels of governance can have a significant impact on population health and health equity.
Intersectoral action is key – across departments, sectors, actors
Backed by the
WHO Health-In-All Policy HiAP
An approach to public policies across sectors that systematically takes into account the health implications of decisions, seeks synergies, and avoids harmful health impacts in order to improve population health and health equity.
NAPHISA - National Public Health Institute of South Africa
provide training, conduct research and support interventions aimed at reducing the burden of communicable and non-communicable diseases and injuries and aimed at improving occupational health, and environmental health…” … strengthen epidemiology and surveillance … technical support, etc.
Help provide intersectoral action
NHI and Environmental Health
White bill does not speak enough about Environmental health or prevention
Focus is on funding - neglecting health and highlighting healthcare.
Prevention needs more mention in health policy such as NHI
If primary health care is mentioned then prevention is one of the 4 main aspects
Wherever prevention is mentioned, environmental health is needed
Different responsibilities for legislation in Environmental Health
National Government: Focuses on policy-making, standard-setting, coordination, and international representation.
The national government, through the Department of Health and the Department of Environmental Affairs, is responsible for formulating and implementing national policies, laws, and regulations related to environmental health.
Ensures coordination among different levels of government and various sectors involved in environmental health.
Provides training and resources to provincial and local governments to enhance their capacity to deliver effective environmental health services.
Represents South Africa in international forums related to environmental health.
Key Documents
Provincial Health Acts
Provincial Environmental Management Frameworks
Provincial Government: Implements national policies at the provincial level, supports local governments, and coordinates regional efforts.
Adapts and implements national policies, laws, and regulations within the provincial context.
Provides technical support, resources, and oversight to local governments.
Monitors and evaluates the performance of local governments in delivering environmental health services.
Facilitates coordination between local governments and national departments.
Key Documents
Provincial Health Acts
Provincial Environmental Management Frameworks
Local Government: Directly delivers environmental health services, conducts inspections and enforcement, and engages with the community.
Services include waste management, water quality monitoring, food safety, pollution control, and vector control.
Local governments are responsible for the direct delivery of environmental health services to communities.
Conducts regular inspections of businesses and public places to ensure compliance with environmental health regulations.
Enforces local by-laws related to environmental health
Key Documents
Municipal Health By-Laws
Integrated Development Plans (IDPs)