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Origin of life - Coggle Diagram
Origin of life
Biological systematics
biological system
Classify and organize the diversity of species.
taxonomy
Classification of organisms
phylogeny
Analysis
Study of evolutionary relationships
Phylogenetic trees
integrative systematics
Organizes biological diversity
Combines taxonomy and phylogeny
Methods and tools
Comparative morphology
DNA sequencing
Bioinformatics
Phylogenetic analysis
Arl Linnaeus and biological classification
Bacterium
prokaryotic unicellular organisms
Archaea
single-celled organisms with some characteristics similar to eukaryotes
Eukaraya
organisms with eukaryotic cells, which include animals, plants, fungi and protists
taxonomist
order
closely related families are grouped into an order
Primates
class
closely related orders are grouped into a class
Mammalia
family.
closely related genera are grouped into a family.
Hominidae
phylum
• closely related classes are grouped into a phylum
Chordata
genus
closely related species are grouped into groups
Homo
species.
A species is a group
of individuals that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.
Homo sapiens
kingdom
closely related phyla are grouped into one kingdom
Animalia
domain
closely related kingdoms are grouped into a domain
Eukaryota
life
Phylogeny, taxonomy and nomenclature
Phylogeny
The hypothesis of evolutionary relationships between species.
Importance
Understanding trait evolution and evolutionary diversity for conservation.
Construction
Based on DNA and fossils
Phylogenetic tree
Shows hypothetical relationships between ancestors and descendants
key concepts
Paraphyletism
A group that includes an ancestor and only some of its descendants.
polytomy
relationships between descendant branches
Monophyletism:
Shows hypothetical relationships between ancestors and descendants
taxonomy
Rules for naming species and branches
taxonomy
families
genres
Orders
species
Use of phylogeny
Grouping organisms according to shared ancestry
AmphibiaWeb
seeks to maintain taxonomic stability
nomenclature
The classification of species and branches into named groups
AmphibiaWeb
accept or reject
Preference for stability
naming standards for species and branches