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TOPIC 1: AGRIBUSINESS AN INTRODUCTION, CHAPTER 8:UNDERSTANDING FINANCIAL…
TOPIC 1: AGRIBUSINESS AN INTRODUCTION
NATURE OF AGRIBUSINESS
sayur-sayuran-tumbuhan
tak tahan lama
Cth; Nenas dijual dalam bentuk raw tak tahan lama, mungkin tahan dalam masa seminggu
tapi kalau proses letak dalam tin dia akan tahan lebih lama
Cth: Tomato jual tak tahan lama - kalau proses jadi sos boleh tahan lama
the nature of raw tak tahan lama, jadi tumbuhan yang dipetik, harvest perlu bawak segera ke market untuk dijual
daging ayam pon sama
THE CHANGING OF AGRIBUSINESS
- Growth from personal consumption to agribusiness
Dulu bertanam untuk personal consumption tapi semakin lama makin banyak pihak yang menanam bagi tujuan agribusiness
Sebab ianya melibatkan makanan, manusia consume makanan, demand semakin banyak, jadi orang tanam sendiri makanan tu
- Shift from personal consumption to agribusiness
Daripada ladang, kebun kepada bukan berkaitan ladang, kebun - kilang
- Decrease in farm employement
Semakin kurang yang terlibat dari segi ladang
Ramai taknak bekerja dalam bidang agriculture
- Dramatic increase in peripherally farm-related employment
- Agribusiness jobs are predominantly non-farm jobs
The majority of U.S farms are family operations
Family designated ownership, not size of operation
Some large farms may also be non-family farm
Family operations can be of any size
Non-family farms do not have majority ownership by the operator or related persons
Family operations are also "home operations"
AGRIBUSINESS AS AN OPPORTUNITY
Agricultural productivity historically came from land and labor
Pertanian pada asalnya labor intensif - menggunakan banyak tenaga buruh
Meningkatkan produktiviti dengan menggunakan capital - guna teknologi, mesin- bajak tanah untuk siap lebih cepat, menuai guna harvest mesin
Cth; dulu nak clearkan kawasan satu hektar guna cangkul, parang yang makan masa seminggu atau dua minggu, tapi bila guna mesin, dalam dua hari boleh clearkan
Future improvements in agriculture will come from the application of a fourth resource: management
Pengurusan dulunya secara tradisional, tetapi sekarang makin moden
The agribusiness industry lacks smart, clever and concerned individuals.
The industry needs people who understand business principles and nuances of argibusiness
WHAT IS AGRIBUSINESS?
Include the production, distribution and consumption of food, clothing and even shelter
It encompasses all economic activity in the food and fiber system
Input supply industries
These industries provide inputs such as seeds, fertilizers, pesticides and machinery to agricultural producers.
Ada yang buat kajian tentang seeds (baja), fertilizers cth macam kurang dari segi chemical, pesticides yang environment friendly, mesin bertambah moden
Agriculture production
This involves the cultivation and harvesting of crops, as well as the raising of livestock and poultry.
livestock; lembu, kambing
poultry; ayam
Post-harvest, value-added activities
This includes commodity processing, food manufacturing and food distribution.
Commodity processing
Companies that process raw commodities such as wheat, corn and soybeans into value-added product such as flour, corn syrup and soybean oil.
Food distribution
Companies that transport and distribute food products to retailers and consumers.
CHAPTER 8:UNDERSTANDING FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FINANCIAL STATEMENT
A summarized statement of the financial status of a business, usually prepared as a summary of accounts from the ledger.
The primary financial statements usually consist of the balance sheet and income statement.
A balance sheet shows what a business owns, what it owes, and what investment the owners have in the business.
The income statement is a summary of business operations over a certain period, usually the period between the dates of two balance sheets.