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What Is The Best Method To Classify a Chemical Substance? - Coggle Diagram
What Is The Best Method To Classify a Chemical Substance?
Most efficient, way to result in quality data
chemical substances can be classified through their structure, state of matter, physical properties, chemical properties.
state of matter:
solid
liquid
gas
physical properties:
melting point of substance
boiling point
density
solubility
physical appearance
chemical properties:
how it reacts with other substances
acidity of basicity (pH)
reactivity with water, oxygen other chemicals
a chemical substance is a unique form of matter with constant chemical composition and properties
chemical substances can be categorized into elements and compounds. Elements are pure substances that consist of only one type of atom. Elements can not be broken down into simpler structures
Chemical compound, any substance composed of identical molecules consist of two or more atoms and or chemical elements
Possible methods:
Observations:
test physical state and appearance, note whether the substance is solid, liquid, gas, color texture and form.
Chemical Test:
Mix the substance with solutions to see if a precipitation (water) forms which showcases presence of ioins
Conductivity:
Using a multi meter to test electrical conductivity
Ability of thermal conductivity:
place item on a heat place or heat source, using a thermometer or a thermal heat gun, after a period of time. Measure the surface of test pieces record data for heat as a function of time.
Solubility test
Chose different solvents water (polar)add item and stir, record weather it dissolved into solvents or not.
classify substance if dissolved or not. soluable in water: presecnce of ionic or polar covalent bonds, insoublable indicates prescence of non polar covalent bonds
Metallic (metal and metal)
Malleable
high MP/BP
high electrical conductivity
high thermal conductivity
Ionic Bonds (non metal and metal)
properties:
high MP/BP
Crystal lattice structure
solid form breaks easily into sheets
solid form do not conduct electricity
dissolve in solvents
covalent network:
Do not conduct electricity
High MP/BP
All solid form
Not malleable
Do not dissolve
Covalent Molecular bond (Non Metal and Non Metal)
low MP/BP
low solubility in liquids (water)
low electrical conductivity
low heat conductivity
good insulator
method: a particular procedure to complete something