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Testing & Assessment in Psychology - Coggle Diagram

- - - - A set of standards pertaining to professional and technical issues of test development and use in education, psychology, and employment.
    - - A set of 31 guidelines aimed at both test developers, to ensure the development of quality CBT products, and end users of these products, to ensure proper administration and interpretation of computer-based psychological tests.
- - - - Do they have the choice to being evaluated or not?
        
        What causes the ethical issue here?
        
        Suppose that a schoolchild is failing and an assessment is requested by the child’s family for use in preparation of an individualized educational plan (IEP) as specified under state or federal special education laws.
        
        If a psychologist employed by the public school system undertakes the task, that evaluator certainly owes a set of professional duties (e.g., competence, fairness, etc.) to the child, to the adults acting on behalf of the child (i.e., parents or guardians), to the employing school system, and—by extension—to the citizens of the community who pay school taxes. In the best of circumstances, there may be no problem—that is to say, the evaluation will identify the child’s needs, parents and school will agree, and an appropriate effective remediation or treatment component for the IEP will be put in place.
        
        when parents and school authorities disagree and apply pressure to the evaluator to interpret the data in ways that support their conflicting demands
        
        One set of pressures may apply when the psychologist is employed by the school, and another may apply when the evaluation is funded by the parents or another third party
        
        From an ethical perspective, there should be no difference in the psychologist’s behavior. The psychologist should offer the most scientifically and clinically sound recommendations drawn from the best data while relying on competence and personal integrity without undue influence from external forces.
  - - - if the data might be used in legal proceedings (e.g., a competency hearing) or in any way that might have significant potentially adverse future consequences that the client is unable to competently evaluate, a surrogate consent process should be used—that is to say, a parent or legal guardian ought to be involved in granting permission for the evaluation.
        
        Obtaining such permission helps to address and respect the vulnerabilities and attendant obligations owed to persons with reduced personal decision-making capacities.
  - - - The rationale involved in this scheme was based on the need to understand statistics, psychopathology, and psychometrics in order to accurately draw clinical inference or make actuarial predictions based on the test data