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Natural Language Processing - Coggle Diagram
Natural Language Processing
Formal and Natural Language
Formal Language
Precise, mathematical languages with well-defined syntax and semantics, used in computing and mathematics.
Precise syntax and semantics.
Often used in mathematics and computer science.
Example: Programming languages, regular expressions.
Natural Language
Human languages spoken and written by people for communication, characterized by ambiguity and flexibility.
informal, flexible syntax and semantics.
Used in everyday communication.
Example: English, Spanish, Mandarin.
What is NLP?
A set of computational techniques for analyzing and representing naturally occurring texts (at one or more levels) for the purpose of achieving human-like language processing for a range of applications.
Phonology
Phonology is the branch of linguistics concerned with the study of the sounds of speech and their systematic organization in languages.
Phonetics
Phonetics is the branch of linguistics that deals with the physical properties of speech sounds, including their production, transmission, and perception.
Morphology
Morphology is the branch of linguistics that studies the structure of words and the rules governing word formation in a language.
Main concerns
Text Processing
: Normalizing text through tokenization, stemming, and lemmatization.
Language Models
: Statistical and neural models for understanding and generating text.
Syntax and Parsing
: Analyzing grammatical structure and relationships within sentences.
Semantics
: Extracting meaning and context from text.
Named Entity Recognition
: Identifying and classifying entities like people and organizations in text.
Lexicon
A lexicon refers to a complete set of words or vocabulary in a language, including their meanings, pronunciations, and grammatical properties.
Idioms
: Phrases with meanings that differ from their literal interpretation.
Non-standard English
: Informal or dialectal variations of language deviating from standard grammar and usage norms.
Neologisms
: Newly coined words or phrases that have recently entered a language, often reflecting societal or technological advancements.
Applications
Chatbots
Text Summarization
Email Filtering
Targeted Adverising
Grammar Checkers Gammarly
