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German History: 1 Government and Politics - Weimar Germany - Coggle Diagram
German History: 1 Government and Politics - Weimar Germany
End of WW1
11th Nov 1918 Armstice signed
Kaiser Wilhelm abdicated 9th Nov
went to exile in Holland
due to political, economic and cultral crisis
New government established
by Friedrich Elbert
met in Weimar as Berlin was dangerous
led by social democrat party
Weimar Constitution (1919)
universal sufferage
civil right guaranteed
federal system
President elected every 7 years
President appoints Chancellor
Based on proportional representation (PR)
Article 48 gives President 'emergency powers'
Parties were KPD, SPD, DDP, DVP, Zentrum, DNVP, NSDAP
Treaty of Versallies (1919)
Territory loss
Alsace Lorraine
Danzig Port
Polish Corridor - seperated East Prussia
Coal production Saar controlled by League of Nations
Empire (Germany's colonies in south west and east Africa) was placed under the control of LoN - in effect Britain and France
Reperations
Forced to accept war guilt (article 231)
£6.6bil established in 1921 to pay
Military
Army 100,000 men
6 battleships
Demilitarised Rhineland
WR forced to sign in June due to the new gov circumstances - seen as humiliation and 'stab in the back'
Revolts
Sparatacist uprising
Left wing by the communists
Jan 1919
Kapp Putsch
March 1920
By nationalists on the right
Included the Freikorps
Munich Putsch
Nov 1923
by Nazis inc Hitler
Other events to be aware of
Invasion of Ruhr by French and Belgium troops in 1923
Hyperinflation in 1923
General Hindenburg elected President in 1925
Some celebrated his election
has ambigous attitude to democratic gov
not a socialist president
Locarno Treaties 1925
Agrement between France, Belgium, Germany, Britain and Italy mutally agreed peace in Western Europe
Wall Street Crash 1929
Hindenburg used Article 48 and allowed Chancellors to bypass gov
led to more support for extremist parties
Oct 1929 stock and shares in US collapsed in value
unemployment 6 million in 1932
used by Hitler to gain support and power
Hit harder to Germany due to 1924 Dawes Plan
Rise of Hitler
1932 elections
Nazi become largest party in Reichstag
1928 had 12 seats
1932 had 230 seats
Hitler capitalised economic crisis with propaganda and promoted economic recovery
Appointment of Chancellor
Jan 1933 Hitler is appointed Chancellor by Hindenburg
Von Papen
Von Papen persuaded Hindenburg to appoint Hitler as Chancellor
Due to wanting to remove Von Schleicher as Chancellor as he had got Von Papen removed in December
Hindenburg was skeptical but Von Papen reassured as said conservative gov could 'control' Hitler