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Present perfect - Coggle Diagram
Present perfect
FORM
+
Every subject
except
3rd person singular
subject + 've + PP
They've traveled to several countries.
subject + have + PP
We have finished our homework.
3rd person singular
subject + has + PP
She has visited Paris twice this year.
subject + 's + PP
John's learned to play the guitar.
-
Every subject
except
3rd person singular
subject + haven't + PP
I haven't received your email.
subject + have not + PP
They have not seen the new movie
yet
.
3rd person singular
subject + has not + PP
He has not completed his project yet.
subject + hasn't + PP
She hasn't finished her book.
?
Question
Every subject
except
3rd person singular
Have + subject + PP + ...
Have you
ever
tried sushi?
3rd person singular
Has + subject + PP + ...
Has he called you today?
Answer
Yes/No, subject + first verb of question
Every subject
except
3rd person singular
Yes, subject + have.
No, subject + haven't.
3rd person singular
Yes, subject + has.
No, subject + hasn't.
USE
Things that were the case in the past and today (and could be in the future)
I have lived in Duffel my entire life.
An action with a result in the present
I have broken my wrist, so it hurts to write.
!
yet
comes at the end of the sentence (or clause)
She hasn't left
yet
.
Time indicators are usually put in front of the main verb (= PP)
I have
just
met him.
Past Participles (=
PP
)
Regular past participles = past simple form
manage - managed
need - needed
offer - offered
pick - picked
scan - scanned
Irregular past participles ->
study
be - been
grow - grown
drink - drunk
teach - taught
ride - ridden