How do organisms evolve?

5 Mechanisms of Evolution

Macroevolution

Microevolution

Skin Color

Directional

Stabilizing

Disruptive :

Melanin

Eumelanin

Pheomelanin

UV rays

Equator

Poles

Folate

Vitamin D

Cap

Darker

Lighter

Homologous Structures

Vestigial Structures

Analogous Structures

Convergent evolution

Divergent evolution

Coevolution

Reproductive Isolation

Geographic Isolation

Temporal Isolation

Behavioral Isolation

Ecological Isolation

Gene Flow

Genetic Drift

Nonrandom Mating

Selective Breeding

Gene Pool

Bottleneck Effect

DNA mutations

Natural Selection

Charles Darwin

Alfred Wallace

Phylogenetic Trees

Survival of the Fittest

Fitness

Deleterious traits

Cladograms

Clades

DNA Differences

Genetic Timeline

Ancestral Data