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Development of the UK - Coggle Diagram
Development of the UK
1920s
Extending Welfare, 1919-1921
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Unemployment Insurance Act, 1920
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Secondary education became compulsory, not free for everyone, had to say in school until 14
General Strike,1926
Caused by coal miners' wages being cut by over half, which resulted in other industries becoming paranoid of wage cuts
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The Anglo-Irish War, 1919
Nationalists
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Led by the Irish party, Sinn Fein
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Anglo-Irish treaty agreed to split Ireland into two parts- Irish free state(unionists) and Northern Ireland(nationalists).
Women
Life stayed the same
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By 1930, only 10% of married women were in work
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Improvements
Women had more social freedom- driving, smoking, drinking in public
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1970s
Northern Ireland
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1972, Bloody Sunday, troops shot 26 unarmed catholic citizens
Wales
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Plaid Cymru, welsh nationalist party
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Scotland
high unemployment, didn't recover after Great Depression
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North sea Oil, nearest to Scotland and profits when to Britain and oil company not them
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52% yes, 48% no, only 2/3 of pop voted so didn't get own parliament
Economic decline, Miners' Strike
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winter of discontent
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Ford factory in Dagenham demanded 30% pay rise, lost £10 mil a day, gave in and gave 17%
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bakers, lorry drivers, binmen, grave diggers, transport drivers
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lost faith in Callaghan, went on holiday to Caribbean, 'Crisis? What Crisis?'
1945-1959
impact of war
heavy in debt, spent 1/4 of its wealth
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NHS
1942 Beveridge Report, 5 giant evils, want, ignorance, disease, idleness, squalor
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8.5 mil dental, 575 mil glasses, 187 mil perscriptions, £355 mil
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Affluence
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tv rose by 3000%, homes by 4665, cars by 144%
pensions didnt rise, low wages still, racism and sexism
1939-45
Preparations for War
Air raid wardens, checked blackout was followed, cleaned streets after being bombed
Radar, detect enemy planes early to give warning to people to get to safety
Home Guard, 'Dad's army' ,to be first line of defense if invaded before the army to get there
Anti-aircraft guns, shoot planes out of the sky, searchlight to see them
Gas masks, never needed, 38 mil issued in 1939
Barrage balloons, full of hydrogen so if hit would blow up planes, stopped planes flying low so less accurate.
Air raid shelters, Anderson - in the garden, Morrison - under the stairs
Ministry of information, censorship and propaganda
The Blitz
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targeted London, Coventry, Plymouth, Belfast, Glasgow, Cardiff, Swansea, and Liverpool
45,000 killed and 3.5 million homes destroyed.
Evacuated women and children to keep morale high, 1.5 mil children evacuated.
Rationing
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food, clothes, and fuel were rationed
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Women
nursing, farming, manufacturing
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1960s
Pop culture
1955 - 4 mil records, 1963 - 61 mil
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ITV 1955, BBC 2 1964, cinema used less so 50% shut by 1963
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Racism
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tensions built in Bradford, London and Birmngham
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1968, Enoch Powell's Rivers of Blood speech
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1980s
Economy
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Monetarism
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raised taxes and intrest rates, cut spending
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1930s
Great Depression
by 1931, 3 mil out of work
depressed areas -Scotland, North east England, South Wales, North west Lancashire
affluent areas - Midlands, London, The South
Government reacion
Dole cuts - 10%, tax increased by 25%
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UABs - retrain, relocate, long-term unemployed
Special areas Act and encouraging new industries,
peoples rection
Hunger Marches- many across the north of England, to raise awareness of suffering
Jarrow crusade- 1936, 200 men, month, achieved nothing
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