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Localisation of function in the brain - Coggle Diagram
Localisation of function in the brain
Visual centre
Located in the occipital lobe at the back of the brain in both hemispheres
Each eye sends info to the opposite side of the occipital lobe
Damage to this lobe can cause blindness e.g damage to the right hemisphere can cause blindness in the left eye or both
Somatosensory area
Found at the front of the parietal lobe in both hemispheres
Area where sensory info from the skin is represented
Wernicke's area
Located in the left temporal lobe
Responsible for language comprehension
Damage = Wernicke's aphasia where they cannot understand language and patients often produce nonsense words
Broca's area
1880s Broca identified a small area in the left frontal lobe
Responsible for speech production
Damage results in slow speech which lacks fluency meaning there could be a complete absence of speech
Motor cortex
Responsible for voluntary movements
Located in the frontal lobe of the brain in both hemispheres
One side controls the muscles on the otherside of the body
Important for complex movements
Auditory cortex
Auditory pathways begin at the cochlea (where they're decoded) in the inner ear where sound waves are converted to nerve impulses
Which travel down the auditory nerve to the auditory cortex and an appropriate response is then produced as the sound is recognised
Most of the areas is within the temporal lobe on both sides where we find the auditory cortex
A03
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Case studies of Phineas gage have provided supporting evidence for localisation of function in the brain, he damaged his frontal lobe after an incident at work, he damaged his brain which affected his personality, he became bad tempered and rude as the frontal lobe is thought to be seen as responsible for regulating mood showing supporting evidence for the theory that the brain is localised with different functions
PA, knowledge about the language centres in the brain has led to applications in speech and language therapy this can be used after a persons experiences of a brain injury/illness this shows that knowing different areas of function will provide useful insights to improve lives
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Relies on case studies e.g Phineas gage reflecting a unique experience this can also be different between individuals therefore research findings are not able to be generalised to the general population as they are individual cases