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Unit 8 concept map - Coggle Diagram
Unit 8 concept map
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Behavioral speciation- occurs when two populations that are capable of interbreeding develop differences in courtship rituals or other behaviors.
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Ecological speciation- Ecological speciation is the process by which new species form as a consequence of divergent natural selection between contrasting ecological environments.
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Biogeography- The study of where organisms live currently, and where their ancestors lived in the past
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Vestigial structure- Structure that is non-functional, or reduced in function
Analogous structure- Structure that evolved independently in different organisms because the organisms lived in similar environments or experienced similar selective pressures
Species vary globally
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Nature provides the inherited variations, and humans select those variants they find useful.
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Divergent-(homologous and vestigal structures) process by which interbreeding species diverged into two or more evolutionary groups.
Convergent- (anaologous) independent evolution of similar features in species of different periods or epochs in time.
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Charles Darwin was a British naturalist who proposed the theory of biological evolution by natural selection.
Darwin defined evolution as "descent with modification," the idea that species change over time, give rise to new species, and share a common ancestor.
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VIDA: Variation, Inheritance, Differential Survival & Reproduction, Adaptation.
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Microevolution is a small change that occurs over a short period of time. It shows a change in genes (allele frequencies) of a population over time. Usually, the changes can be easily observed by the differences in phenotype. Since it occurs in a short period of time, sometimes season to season, a new species is not necessarily produced. Rather, there is a variation that is introduced into the population.
Macroevolution is evolution over geologic time, and allows for a new species to develop- one that can only reproduce fertile offspring with others in its population. One of the main topics in macroevolution is how new species arise; this process is known as speciation. How does speciation usually happen? First a species become isolated.
Geographical Isolation- If a species remains separated long enough, they many evolve genetic differences. If the differences prevent them from interbreeding with the original species. They have evolved into a new species. This speciation is caused by geographic isolation.
Temporal Isolation- When a species rarely interbreeds, the two populations of flies are evolving genetic differences and becoming different species. This speciation is caused by temporal isolation.
Behavioral Isolation- An ex. The blue-footed bird has an elaborate mating “dance” that males must do to woo the female. The female can either then accept or reject the advances of the male. Other species of birds do not have the same mating dance and will be fully ignored by the female meaning they have no chance at reproducing with the female blue footed bird