Knowledge based systems
Logical Agents
Human reactions not only reflex
Agent needs a Knowledge base
Only path finding limits Agent
Knowledge based agents
Knowledge based agents are those who have the capability of maintain an internal state of knowledge , reason over that knowledge , update their knowledge after observations and take actions.
Agent should be able to represent states , actions.
Should be able to incorporate new percepts.
Ability to update the internal representation of the world.
Takes appropriate actions.
Collective Intelligence
Collective intelligence is the process by which a large group of individuals gather and share their knowledge. Data and skills of the purpose of solving societal issues. Ex ; Siri
Multi Agent Environments Computer based environment made of multiple intelligent agents. Multi agent systems can manifest self organization as well as self direction and other control paradigms and related complex behaviors even when the individual strategies of all their agents are simple.
Agents will communicate with each other
Planning - cooperation and coordination
Each agent makes its own plan
Each agent tries to achieve the same target
Each agent will follow a defined convention.
Emergence
Patterns of behavior
Individuals follow simple rules
Emergent complexity
Macro - Level phenomenon
Conway's Game Of Life It is the best known example of a cellular automation, The "Game" is actually a zero player game , meaning that its evolution is determined by its initial state , needing no input from human plyers.
Rules
Any live cell fewer than two live neighbors dies , as if by underpopulation.
Any live cell with two or three live neighbors lives on to the next generation.
Any live cell with more than three live neighbors dies, as if by overpopulation.
Any dead cell with exactly three live neighbors become a live cell , as if by reproduction.
Patterns
Still Life 
Spaceships 
Oscillators 
Craig Reynolds - boids Boids is an artificial life program, developed by Craig Reynolds in 1986. which simulates the flocking behavior of birds
Rules
Separation - avoid crowding
Alignment - Head in average direction
Cohesion - Steer towards average position
Web Links
Cellular Automata
Cellular Automata are computational models consisting of a grid of cells. Each cell evolves based on a set of rules influenced by the states of its neighboring cells, across discrete time steps. 
ALIFR (Artificial Life)
Artificial Life (ALife) studies the simulation and synthesis of life-like behaviors in software, hardware, and biochemical systems. It aims to understand fundamental principles of biological life and to create lifelike artificial entities.
Evolution in action
Behavior and intelligence
Collage dynamics
Synthetic biology
Techniques
Cellular Automata
Artificial Neural Networks
NeroEvolition
Wumpus World
Wumpus World is a grid-based environment used in artificial intelligence research, where an agent must navigate, avoiding pits and a Wumpus, to find gold. The agent relies on perceptual cues to make decisions.
The Wumpus world is partially observable because the agent can only perceive the close environment such as an adjacent room.
The order is important , so it is Sequential.
It is static as Wumpus and Pits are not moving.
The environment is discrete.
The environment is a single agent as we have one agent only and Wumpus is not considered as an agent.
Knowledge Base A knowledge base in artificial intelligence aims to capture human expert knowledge to support decision making , problem solving and more Through the years ,knowledge base systems have been developed to support many organizational processes.
Types
Intelligent tutoring systems
These are computer systems that provide personalizes instructions and feedback to users.
Expert Systems
The decision making process of a human expert and provide explamations specific to the problem they are designment are designed to solve.
Hypertext manipulation systems.
These are computer systems that store knowledge using hypertext or text linked to others.
Rule based systems.
These computer programs apply hardcoded man made rules to analyze and manipulate data.
