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Biodiversity (2.1) - Coggle Diagram
Biodiversity (2.1)
Factors affecting
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More species + individuals = more competitions leading to more specialized and narrower exploitation of food types making it more difficult to move out
Climate change has sped up extinction rates leading to rapid expansion and diversification of species
Succession
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First species appear, makes changes to the environment, passes to the second and repeats
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Classification
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Animalia
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Heterotrophic, holozoic nutrition - digest food internally
No Chlorophyll, cell wall + complex structure with nucleus
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Fungi
Multicellular / Unicellular, Eukaryotic
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Multicellular grow in long threads (Hyphae, lots together are a mycelium)
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Evidence for relatedness
Phylogenetic trees
A diagram which represents evolutionary pathways leading to different species, each branch represents time
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Divergent evolution
Homologous structures
Similar look, different function
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Common ancestor, common structure evolved for different functions
Convergent Evolution
Analogous structures
Similar look and function, but different origins
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Morphology
Looking at the shape and form of an organism, evidence used in the past before information was found
DNA hybridisation
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If you want to break the new strands, a higher temperature would be required depending on how closely related they are.
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Immune response
- Human blood injected into a rabbit
- It is added to other samples (Animal)
- Antibodies and antigens clump leading to precipitate forming, and the solution turning cloudy
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Practical
To investigate biodiversity, evenness and richness must be accounted for
A quadrat could be used, if sampling in a field.
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Natural selection
Genetic biodiversity
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Assessed by determining the number of alleles (Different forms of genes) at different loci, within a given species
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Adaptations
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Behavioural
Crepuscular - active at dawn + dusk, when temperatures are cooler
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