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MAKIING OF A SUPERPOWER - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Also said US would protect their independence and territory
  - - - 1914: announced neutrality
      - 1915: Germany sank Lusitania
        
        Threatened to break off relations w/ Germany
      - Zimmerman Telegram
        
        Message to Mexico suggesting an alliance
        promised to help Mexico claim back territories
        
        Violation of Monroe Doctrine
    - - The 14 points
        
        trade equality
        ending of secrete treaties and alliances
        freedom of the seas
        the establishment of the League of Nations.
      - Peace Negotiations (1918)
  - - - 1935: First Act required the president to decalre an arms embargo against all sides in a war & warned Americans to not travel on ships of the warring countries
        
        1936: prohibited war loans and credits to any belligerent
        
        1937: confirmed earlier provision & made travel on belligerent ships unlawful
    - - Young plan (1929)
        
        Kellog-Briand Pact (1928)
    - - limit expenditure on armaments
- - - - After Greer was attacked by a German U-boat, Roosevelt presented it as an act of piracy & announced U boats in American patrolled waters would be sunk
        
        Oct: attack on USS Kearney & USS Reuben Jones led to Congress repealing Neutrality Act. US was fighting an undeclared war w/ Germany in the atlantic
    - - 1949: signing of the Tripartite Pact
        
        Attacked Peal Harbour
        
        1941: Congress declared war on Japan
        3 days later, Hitler declared war on USA
  - - - Uphold the principles of the Atlantic Charter
        deploy all resources against enemies
        not to sign a separate peace
  - - - USSR wanted to dominate eastern Europe but also use every tactic to undermine non-communist governments
    - - revealed lack of western military preparedness
        
        1949:Formation of NATO
    - - most dangerous moment in the cold war
        
        direct communication channel between Washington & Moscow
        USSR, UK & US signed Limited test ban treaty: banned testing of nuclear weapons
  - - - Aid was sent but insufficient. American focus on containment & aid in Europe
      - Mao's communists were seen as a puppet of the USSR & both intent on world domination.
        
        signing of defence pact 1950 seemed to confirm this
    - - Communist part led by Ho Chi Minh
        
        Afraid Ho would win the election, US supported Ngo Dinh Diem. Eisenhower believed in the domino theory
      - USA, USSR met at Geneva (1954-55), agreed that
        French would leave Vietnam
        Vietnam divided at the 17th parallel with a DMZ
        an election as to whether the 2 zones will be united
  - - - McCarthysm
- - - - Undermined by
        USSR's achievement in securing nuclear parity
        deployment of SS20s in E.Europe
        USSR involvement in Angolan civil war (1975-76)
  - - - P. Carter ordered:
        Withdrawal of SALT II from the senate
        boycott of olympic games in Moscow (1980)
        ban in sale of grain & high tech items to the USSR
  - - - Nov 1983: USSR had put nuclear forces on high alert
      - Jan 1984: Reagan signalled it was willing to build a more constructive relationship with the USSR
        
        New leader in the USSR, Gorbachev, appeared willing to embark in a new approach to relations with the USA
        
        Meeting in Geneva (1985) & Reykjavik (1986) discussed reductions in nuclear weapons
    - - 1987: speech encouraged Gorbachev to take down the Berlin wall
        
        Dec 1987: Intermediate Nuclear Force Treaty eliminated Pershing IIs & SS20s