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CIVIL RIGHTS, African American resistance - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Racial hostility (ghettos, segregation etc)
      - NAACP activism
      - Minor political & social change
      - Marcus Garvey
      - Revival of KKK
      - Cultural Impact
  - - - Segregation but after 1944, some integration allowed
      - 1 mil African Americans received benefits for education, housing & healthcare
- - - - Desegregation (removed legal basis of segregation in schools)
      - Political Resistance
        
        19/22 senators signed 'Southern Manifesto' accusing the SC of abusing its powers
  - - - Civil Rights Act (1968) created as a tribute to King and outlawed discrimination based on colour, race, religion or national origin in the rental or sale of housing
    - - Banned literacy tests
      - individual rights being enforced by the federal gov.
      - Event in Selma brought about separation within the African American communities
      - Urban riots 5 days after the Voting Rights Act was signed
        
        Kenner Commission (1968) set up to investigate disorder
        
        Unlikely to be followed
        
        Johnson had already persuaded congress to invest in health and education reform in his Great Society speech
        
        Did manage to support another housing reform bill in 1968
        
        Vietnam war diverted attention & resources
        
        Many saw the riots as a law & order problem, not one that needed more federal legislation
        
        Blamed riots on discrimination against African Americans in employment, education and housing. Recommended federal investment to improve ghettos
- - - - required all employers w/ federal contracts to draft affirmative policies
    - - funding for EEOC was reduced, believed in reverse discrimination
  - - - Desegregation of schools had to be immediate