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ACTUS REUS AND MENS REA - Coggle Diagram

- - - - If a statute requires an action, it's unlawful not to do so
    - - Individuals may be contracted to act in a particular way if they fail to act when under this contractual duty, they may be liable for an offence
    - - Certain family relationships result in a duty to act: R v Gibbins and Proctor
    - - If a person chooses to take care of another who is incapable of taking care of themselves, they have a duty to do so without negligence: R v Evans
- - - - Direct- The D had clear foresight of the consequences of his action and specifically desires that consequence
      - Oblique- D may not actually desire the consequence of the action, but if he realises that the consequence will happen as a virtual certainty
      - The cases of Nedrick and Woolin confirms that the jury should convict of murder if death was a virtual certainty from D's actions