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Biological Approach - Coggle Diagram
Biological Approach
Twin studies
Concordance rate: The percentage of cases in which both members of a pair have a particular attribute (E.g. Depression, Criminality, Etc).
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Genotype: Genetic makeup that is inherited, it is the predisposition to develop a characteristic.
Phenotype: Observable characteristics which result from the way the genotype interacts with the environment
Genes and Neuroatonomy
XY: Male
XX: Female
Sex: Typically assigned at birth due to biological features such as chromosomes, hormones and sex organs
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Neuroatonomy is the structure of the Nervous System constisting of:
-CNS (Central Nervous System)
-Brain
-Spinal Cord
-PNS (Peripheral Nervous System)
Localisation of Function: The idea that certain functions like language and memory have certain locations or areas within the brain
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Neuron: A nerve cell that processes and transmits information through electrical and chemical signals in the nervous system.
Synapse: Small gap between two neurons where nerve impulses are relayed - part of the circuit tha connects sensory organs to the brain.
Assumptions
Behaviour is influenced by the CNS (Central Nervous System), organs and neurochemistry (Levels of neuromitters like serotonin or dopamine).
Behaviour is a product of evolution, "all that is psychological is first biological".
Extravert: Someone who thrives in social activities and is outgoing, (Naturally have low levels of arousal/dopamine)
Introvert: Someone who is shy or quiet in situations, generally observing their surroundings,(They have higher levels of arousal/dopamine)
Sympathetic Responses:
-Inhibits digestion
-Adrenal glands release adrenaline
-Pupils are dilated
-Heart rate increases
-Salvia is inhibited
Parasympatic Responses:
-Heart rate goes back to normal
-Digestion starts
-Salvia is produced
-Pupils will constrict
MAOA Gene: Monoamine Oxidase A, the gene that determines the production of the enzyme MAOA. This gene metabolises neurotransmitters, breaks them down and recycles/excretes them. This causes aggression as less of the enzyme is produced.