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BRI - Coggle Diagram
BRI
challenges
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- Debt Sustainability: High debt levels in recipient countries raise concerns about repayment and debt dependency.
- Geopolitical Tensions: Major powers like the US and India see the BRI as a tool for Chinese geopolitical influence, increasing tensions.
- Infrastructure Quality and Maintenance: Ensuring long-term infrastructure quality and maintenance is challenging.
- Environmental and Social Impacts: Projects often lead to environmental degradation and social displacement.
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Current Status:
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• Significant projects include the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, Mombasa-Nairobi Railway in Kenya, and Budapest-Belgrade railway.
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Health and Digital Silk Road:
• Expanded to include health cooperation (Health Silk Road) and digital infrastructure (Digital Silk Road).
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• Focus on sustainable and eco-friendly projects, promoting green finance and renewable energy
Members:
• Asia: Pakistan, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Kazakhstan, etc.
• Europe: Italy, Greece, Hungary, Poland, etc.
• Africa: Kenya, Ethiopia, Egypt, South Africa, etc.
• Latin America: Brazil, Argentina, Chile, etc.
• Oceania: New Zealand, Fiji, etc.
Vietnam's Roll
Selective Participation: Vietnam has chosen to participate in specific BRI projects deemed beneficial, while avoiding those seen as risky.
Focus on Domestic Needs: Vietnam prioritizes projects that align with its own infrastructure development plans.
Balancing Act: Vietnam walks a tightrope between maintaining a good relationship with China and ensuring its own strategic interests.
Known as: The Belt and Road Initiative global infrastructure development strategy adopted by the Chinese government in 2013.
The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is a global development strategy initiated by China in 2013. It aims to enhance regional connectivity and embrace economic cooperation by building infrastructure and broadening trade links across Asia, Africa, and Europe. The initiative is composed of two main components: The Silk Road Economic Belt and The 21st Century Maritime Silk Road.