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Absolutism and the end of hispanic dominance, image, image, image, image,…
Absolutism and the end of hispanic dominance
Absolutism and the parliamentary system
Absolutism: France under Louis XIV
The authoritarian monarchies of some kingdoms developed into absolute monarchies
Absolute monrchy is Louis XIV of France
Nobility, cities and provinces with their parliaments where fighting
Absolute monarchies
An ideology defending the king's supremacy over all othes
Growing centralisation of political and administrative decisions in the royal courts and the monarchy's governmental bodies
A permanent army of professional soldiers, under of the king
A royal treeasury able to raise revenue
Marginalisation of the courts and parliaments of the estates of the realm
The parliamentary system in England
Monarch's power was controlled by courts and parliaments
Glorious Revolution happened in 1688
Bill of Rights limited the monarch's power and recognised the rights of the individual
English constitutional monarchy
Monarch
Directed foreign policy
Submitted laws for appointed
Appointed the goverment
Called Parliament into session
Was head of state
Controled the Church of England
Parliament
Submitted complaints to the monarchs
Controlled governments duties
Approved new taxes
Approved laws
Controlled the monarchs
Changes on the 17th century
Population
Five main reasons
Wars
Epidemics
Poor harvests
Poor hygiene
The little Ice Age
Society
These factors resulted in social unrest and a series of popular revolts
Tax revolts often coincided with food riots
In rural areas, noblemen, accumulated property by confiscating those of impoverished, peasant revolts
Many revolts protested military conscription and the fiscal policy
Atlantic triangular trade
The slaves and most valuable products were sold
They exchanged the least valuable goods for slaves and the left for America
Ships left Europe and went to west coast of Africa
The fight for European Dominance
There was a period of peace until 1618, when the Thirty Year's War began
In the Holy Roman Empire
It caused great destruction and many deaths
The conflict was between Catholics and Protestants
In 1621, the Twelve Year's Truce betwen the Hispanic Monarchy and the Dutch Republic ended
It was also another struggle for European dominance
The Peace of Estphalia was signed in 1648
But, France and the Hispanic Monarchy continued the war until 1659, when the Peace of the Pyrenees was signed
Hispanic kingdoms in the 17th century
The kings were known a the Austrias menores
There was introduced newway of governing by appointing validos
The most important
The Duke of Lerma under Felipe III
Spain made peace with England
The count-Duke of Olivares under Felipe IV
Was much less stable
The reign of Felipe IV
Separatists conspiracies
The portuguese revolution
The catalan revolt
Territories lost by the hispanic monarchy
Losses in America
Carlos II had also a series of validos
Carlos II chose Philip of Anjou as his successor
The moriscos made up a considerable proportion of the population in the kingdoms of Valencia, Aragon, Amdalucia and particularly in feudal estates
Three different social groups
Poor hidalgos
Bandits or outlaws
Pícaros and mendigos
