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01: ABSOLUTISM AND THE PARLIAMENTARY SYSTEM - Coggle Diagram
01: ABSOLUTISM AND THE PARLIAMENTARY SYSTEM
1 ABSOLUTISM AND THE PARLIAMENTARY SYSTEM
Absolutism (France under Louis XIV)
17th century
authoritarian monarchies of some kingdoms developed into absolute monarchies
supported belief that king held absolute power over everybody else
main proponents
Jacques Bossuet
believed that kings had a divine right to power
Thomas Hobbes
believed that absolutism result of a social pact between subjects and monarchy
to guarantee peace and stability.
Absolute monarchies
permanent army of professional soldiers under orders of king
royal treasury able to raise revenue
growing centralisation of political + administrative decisions in
monarchy’s governmental bodies
royal courts
ideology
defending king’s supremacy over others
marginalisation of
parliaments
courts
Louis XIV
Fronde took place at beginning of reign
civil wars
nobility, cities + provinces with parliaments VS king + supporters.
order construction of
Royal Palace
of Versailles
royal court based
govern France through system of councils
increased in power
aggressive foreign policy to expand kingdom
2 THE PARLIAMENTARY SYSTEM IN ENGLAND
in other territories monarch's power controlled by
parliaments
Venice+Dutch Republic
courts
England
protect against the absolutist pretensions of monarchy
Stuart dynasty
disassociate from Parliament
establish an absolute monarchy,
English Civil War (1642–1651).
Parliamentarian army won (Oliver Cromwell)
Charles I executed
declare republic under dictatorial ledership
when death of Cromwell
House of Stuart return to throne
James II king
impose absolutism
Glorious Revolution (1688)
James II overthrown
new monarchs chosen by Parliament
Mary II
James II's daughter
William III of Orange
head of Dutch Republic
condition
sign Bill of Rights (1689)
recognised the rights of the individual.
limited monarch’s power
establish
constitutional/
parliamentary
monarchy
English constitutional monarchy
monarch
appoint government
submit laws for approval
call Parliament into session
direct foreign policy
control Church of England
head of state
Parliament
approve laws
approve new taxes
control monarhcs
control government duties
submit complaints to monarchs
