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What we have learned in Unit 8 Biology - Coggle Diagram
What we have learned in Unit 8 Biology
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Evidence for evolution
B: Biogeography, the environment and how it affects evolution
F: Fossil records, which preserved the body structure and/or bones in an organism's body
M: Molecular Bio, DNA and genetic code/information of the body
A: Anatomy, the homologous structures present in the creature + the similarities between 2 species structures.
D: Direct Observation, just looking at it with the human eye.
Homologous vs Analogous structures:
Homologous: The layout of the bone structure is the same but over time the size and shape has changed.
Analogous: Organisms who only have similar structure due to them living in the same environment not through evolution.
Vestigial: Useless structures like a tail bone
EXAMPLE
The Superbugs Activity
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Macro vs Micro Evolution:
Micro: Small scale that is just adaptation towards one's environment, usually only a couple generations and is just like a gene change.
Macro: large scale changes that occur that extend for centuries or decades, like creating new species or groups of organisms
Genetic Drift:
a process that leads to changes in the frequency of a gene variant in a population. It occurs randomly and can cause some gene variants to disappear completely, which can reduce the amount of genetic diversity.
Natural selection:
When there is one survivor solely due to environmental factors like one species can blend in than others so the predator eats the others first.
5 conditions that help maintain genetic equilibrium:
No insest
No mutation
No gene flow
Big population
No natural selection
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Types of Natural Selection:
Directional:A x B = AB
Disruptive: A x C = B
Stabilizing: A x b= A
Types of evolution:
Coevolution: 2 species in the same environment(flower and butterfly).
exist with each other, like flowers and bees
Convergent: when they become similar structurally
CONVERT into 1 species
Divergent: when a species becomes 2 different species
DIVE into 2 different species