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THE SOVIET
THE SOVIET REVOLUTION
TSARIST RUSSIA
Russian Social-Democratic Workers’ Party (RSDWP) was also founded
Bolsheviks
Radicals
Their leader:
Vladimir Lenin
Mensheviks
Moderates
Their leader:
Julius Martov
GRIGORI RASPUTIN
He was a mystic called to the palace to cure the tsar’s eldest son
Alexei
After he recovered
Rasputin came to have a big religious influence on the tsarina.
Accused of
Being a German spy
Influencing the tsarina in favour of the Germans
As she was of German ancestry
Manipulating the appointment of government positions
He was assassinated in 1916
Russia was an autochratic monarchy
THE BIRTH OF THE SOVIET UNION
FOREIGN INTERVENTION
The economic situation in Russia was chaotic
The opposition of certain political sectors to the revolutionary decrees
led to the emergence of
counterrevolutionary armed groups
As early as 1918
They came to control large outlying and rural regions of Russia.
The growing power of the Bolsheviks
Foreign powers
saw the October Revolution as a serious threat
In the long term
It aspired to
It aspired to create a communist society without social classes
More immediately
It aspired to
Russia’s exit from the war
The announcement that the debts contracted by the tsar
would not be paid
Thei aspirations
were detrimental to the Triple Entente allies
The Soviets
made no secret of
their intention to extend the revolution to the whole world
Lenin understood that his success could only be guaranteed in this way
THE SOVIET STATE
Soviet Union
A republic
formed in 1922
It's electrification plan was carried out
The key to the country’s economic transformation
War Communism
A policy
that on an economic level
was the response to the war situation
The state
Seized food
Imposed forced labour
The state militarised industry
It meant
Troops always had supplies and could win on the battlefield
this model was disastrous for the people
Most people went hungry
Protests spread even among members
of the Communist Party
One-party dictatorship
To control the situation
the government consolidated it
Organisation
The Congress of Soviets
Controlled by the Bolsheviks
the Secret Police, the Cheka
persecuted
Critics
Counterrevolutionaries
Dissidents
New Economic Policy
(NEP)
A solution
For the crtitical economic situation
At the end of the civil war
mixed system combining elements of
Capitalism
Socialism
Lasted from 1921 to 1928.
A remarkable economic recovery
Resulted in
A considerable increase in agricultural production
The emergence of wealthy agricultural owners
known as kulaks
Lenin died in January 1924
