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Gold Mining on the Witwaterstrand - Coggle Diagram
Gold Mining on the Witwaterstrand
What makes a randlord?
Rich and powerful
Mine Owner
Own a monopoly of Mines
Notable Randlords
Sir Abe Bailey
Sir George Albu
Lepold Albu
Barney Barnato
Sir Otto Beit
Chamber of Mines
People associated
RandLords
Founded
1889
Why?
To maximize profits and expand their influence
Goals
How to find worker and draw in workers
How to keep Wages as low as possible
How to persuade the government to pass laws of their interests
How to make as much money
Impact on Society
How did they impact society?
Impacts
More mines were built
Mass immigration to South Africa
A lot Minerals mined
Increase of future White supremacy and Racism towards non-whites
Political Bodies were formed (ANC, Workers Union)
More job opportunities
How did African societies resist these changes?
Strikes
Witwaterstrand
1922, March
Rand Rebellion
Armed Uprising
White miners
Jimmy Green (Leader of the labour part)
Reason
Mining companies tried to cut operating costs by decreasing wages, and by weakening the colour bar by promoting cheaper black mine workers to skilled and supervisory positions
Following a drop in the world price of gold from 130 shillings (£6 10s) per fine troy ounce in 1919 to 95s/oz (£4 15s)
End Result
British Victory
200 dead
4 executed
1924 election
Coalition of the National party and the Labour party won the election
Led to the Industrial Conciliation Act 1924, Wage Act 1925 and Mines and Works Amendment Act 1926
CPSA (Communist Party)
Racist chants and targeted black areas
August 12, 1946
African mine union strike
End Result
Nine deaths
1248 wounded
No changes
60,000 Workers striking
Reason
Refused to work for the low wages
Striking
Forming Political Bodies (ANC, Workers Union, ECT..)
Boycotting the Mines