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2b. Glacial landforms are inter-related and together make up…
2b. Glacial landforms are inter-related and together make up characteristic landscapes
Physical factors which influence the formation of landforms within the landscape system
Geology
Skiddaw slates
formed as black muds and sands settling on the sea bed 500 million years ago
they have been raised and folded by tectonic forces
Found in the north
Borrowdale volcanics
Found in the central lake district
consist of hard lava and ash from eruptions
Formed 450 million years ago
Makes up Helvellyn and Great Gable
The significance of the Borrowdale Volcanics in regards to GEOLOGY influence over the landscape is they are very hard and withstood erosion which left the highest mountains of the Lake District
Windermere series
sedimentary mudstones, sandstones, siltstones and limestone
been faulted and folded, pushed up and eroded down
south of the Lake District
The significance of the Windermere series in regards to GEOLOGY influence over the landscape is that its not very resistant to erosion which left gentle landscape in Morecambe Bay
Inter-relationship of a range of landforms within the landscape system
Arete in the Hellvelyyn range
Erosional landforms - Red Tarn -
Ullswater form is a typical ribbon lake being long and narrow, its floor is quite shallow due to the presence of resistant bands of volcanic rock.
Norfolk islands is a Roche moutonne formed on an out- crop of this rock in the middle of the lake.
West side of the helvellyn range, there is a series of truncated spurs and hanging valleys formed as a glacier moves through the trough now occupied by Thirlmere.
Drumlin fields-Depositional landforms
There are many drumlin fields in the Lake District formed as ice moved radially in all directions.
There are extensive drumlin fields just south of Kendal.
The orientation of the drumlins show the south with the movement of the ice.
Moraines - depositional landforms
On the right bank of Langstrath Valley at the foot of green uphill.
It has retained its distinctive appearance, partly due to a lack of mass movement processes on the valley side
Erratics - depositional landforms
Some of them Scotland, while others are more local in origin a number of erratics from Borrowdale volcanic group in the central part of Lake District
Transported by 30 km south-east and deposited on Carboniferous limestone at Witherslack known as the Lakeland erratic
They're found as far away as Cheshire.
How and why the landscape system changes over time
Gatesgarthdale
Periglacial processes of freeze thaw (frost shattering) following glacial processes causing mass movement of material
Largest material goes further as it has more momentum, scree = less momentum = Scree slopes
Glenridding valley
Increased tourism for Helvellyn
Resource extraction (lead) in Greenside mine
Thirlmere dam
Loch Lomond Stadial glaciation took place between 12,800 and 11,500 years ago
WETD