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Cuban revolution - Coggle Diagram
Cuban revolution
1956 Return to Cuba 1958
Interview with New York Times repoter, disguised as a wealthy American sugar owner, Matthews and Castro's guerrilla units managed to evade Batista's intelligence, informers and forces posted near the Sierra Maestra.
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Batista faced mounting criticism from the United States for his army's failures and his regime's human rights abuses. In March 1958 the US government imposed an arms embargo on Cuba which had a significant impact on Batista's ability to counter the guerrillas and undermined his credibility with his own supporters.
Rebels called for an immediate general strike to paralyse the cities, and the capital Havana. The general strike was backed by guerrilla attacks from MR-26-7 in central and eastern Cuba.
Many of Batista's soldiers, appalled by human rights abuses then switched to Castro’s side
Batista fled into exile on December 31, 1958
1953- July 26th movement
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Batista wanted to use the ‘trial’ of the surviving rebel leaders as a show piece of the regime’s strength.
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the movement was put to jail, meanwhile batista held new elections to continue his reign
1955 Flee to Mexico
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Fidel met with Alberto Bayo, a Spanish veteran of the Spanish Civil War, who agreed to clandestinely instruct Castro's rebels in guerrilla warfare.
Castro needed to finance his forces and so he embarked on a tour of the United States to seek support from wealthy sympathisers.
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Women
Vilma Espin—a chemical engineer, feminist, and leader of the revolutionary movement in the eastern provinces—founded The Federation of Cuban Women (FMC) to advance women’s rights, gender equalization, and reproductive health rights.
incorporate women into the work force and to promote their participation in the process of social and economic change
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legislation was passed to ensure that women could access all jobs including those in areas such as construction
- child-care facilities were established to enable more women to join the workforce.
- Many women joined the Agricultural Legions, working in the fields and others became involved in political life.
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- Vilma Espin (Founder of the FMC)
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Responsible for assisting the landing of the Granma’s force. She promoted the creation of a female platoon in the Sierra Maestra. She held several public positions in the revolutionary government.
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Castro
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cubania nationalist ideology: "end imperialist and capitalist influence and develop an economy that enabled growth, raifness and social welfare
Post-revolution
1959
- an increase in wages (40%)
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- import taxes on luxury goods
- expropriation of American companies
- government take-over of the banking system
- Family stores and restaurants managed by the state
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Hostility among the middle and upper classes led to approximately 250,000 people leaving Cuba (1959-62)
This meant future difficulties for further economic planning, due to lack of engineers etc.
1960
Eisenhower suspended the import of Cuban sugar in 1960 and extended economic sanctions to a trade embargo on sugar, oil and weapons; this led to the Soviet Union stepping in to buy sugar.
1961
"year of education" and "literacy brigades" were sent out into the countryside to construct schools, train new educators, and teach the predominantly illiterate peasants to read and write.
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By the completion of the campaign, 707,212 adults had been taught to read and write, raising the national literacy rate to 96%.
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