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Waves, Sound - Coggle Diagram
Waves, Sound
Waves
Getting Ready to Learn
Waves transfer energy
A wave is a disturbance.
Wave: A disturbance that transfers energy from one place to another
Forces and waves
Materials and Waves
Medium: Any substance that a wave moves through
Mechanical Waves: Waves that transfer energy through matter
Energy and Waves
Waves can be classified by how they move
Transverese Waves
Transverse wave: the direction in which the wave travels in perpendicular, or at right angles, to the direction of the disturbance
Longitudinal Waves
Waves have measurable properties
Waves have amplitude, wavelength, and frequency
Measuring wave properties
Amplitude for a transverse wave is the distance between a line through the middle of a wave and a crest or trough.
Wavelength is the distance from one wave crest to the very next crest
Frequency is the number of waves passing a fixed point in a certain amount of time
Crest: The highest point or peak of a wave
Trough is the lowest point or valley of a wave
How frequency and wavelength are related
Graphing wave properties
Waves behave in predictable waves
Waves interact with materials
Refletion
Reflection: bouncing back of a wave after it strikes a barrier
Refraction
Refraction: The bending of a wave as it enters a new medium at an angle other than 90 degrees
Diffraction
Diffraction is the spreading out of waves through an opening or around the edge of an obstacle.
Waves interact with other waves
Waves adding together
Interference is the meeting and combining of waves
Waves canceling each other out
Sound
Getting ready to learn
Sound is a wave
Sound is a type of mechanical wave
Sound is a wave that is produced by a vibrating object and travels through matter
Vibration is a rapid back and fourth motion
How sound waves are produced
How sound waves are detected
Sound waves vibrate particles
Vacuum is an empty space
The speed of sound depends on its medium
The effect of the material
The effect of temperature
Frequency determines pitch
Pitch depends on the frequency of a sound wave
High and low frequencies
Hertz: is one complete wave or cycle per second
Natural frequencies
Sound quality
The motion of the source of a sound affects its pitch
Doppler effect
Doppler effect is the change in perceived pitch that occurs when the source or the receiver of a sound is moving
Frequency and Pitch
Intensity determines loudness
Intensity depends on the amplitude of a sound wave
Intensity of a sound is the amount of energy its sound wave has
Decibel is a unit that measures intensity of sound (dB)
The intensity of sound can be controlled
Amplification
Amplification is the increasing of the strength of an electrical signal
Acoustics
Acoustics: the scientific study of sound is called
Intense sound can damage hearing
Sound has many uses
Ultrasound waves are used to detect objects
Echolocation
Echolocation is the sending out ultrasound waves and interpreting the returning sound echoes
Sonar
Sonar are the instruments that use echolocation to locate objects known as sonar
Medical uses of ultrasound
Sound waves can produce music
Sound can be recorded and peproduced
Telephone
Recorded Sound