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Chapter 4: The General features of Cell - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 4: The General features of Cell
common features between Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
DNA
Cytosol
site of metabolic pathways
fluid matrix
central co-ordinating unit
cell theory
smallest unit of life
new cells come from old cells through cell division
all living organisms have at least one cell
protein sorting to organelles
cotranslational
begins in the cytosol
involves SRP, vesicals, and T/V snares
for ER , golgi, lysosomes, vacoules, plasma membrane and secreted proteins
one step for proteins with ER sorting signal and two steps for proteins with Golgi retention signal
post translational
synthesized in cytosol and sorted later
one step involsing chaperone proteins
for nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplas and peroxisomes
unique features
plant cells
vacuoles
contractile
(for protists) osmoregulation
phagocytic
(for protists) food degradation and (animal) phagocytosis
central
(for plants) storage and support unit
phagocytic
plastids
animal cells
Lysosome
contains acid hydrolases that perform hydrolysis
pH 4.8
autophagy
diestion of intracellular debris
Endocytosis
digestion of extracellular debris
Centrosome
organizing the cytoskeletal network and the mitotic spindle
cell types
prokaryotic
lacks nuceus and other organelles
cell division through amitosis or binary fission
examples bacteria, archaea
bacteria
archeae
Eukaryotic
compartmentalized functions
components
Golgi apparatus
peroxisome
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
smooth
rough
semiautonomous organelles
chloroplast
mitochondria
nucleus
nuclear pore
nucleolus
nuclear membrane
chromatin
Ribosome
cytoskeleton
intermediate filaments
actin filaments
microtubules
motor proteins
3 domains: head, hinge and tail
3 types of movements
uses ATP
membrane bound organelles
variety
cell division via Mitosis or Meiosis