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secularism - Coggle Diagram

- - - - against
        
        need to resist change
        
        they might argue that if christianity is side-olined, religion might be able to affect the lives of far fewer people
        
        some christians argue that now, more than ever, they need to stand up fro the truth revealed through christ and the bible and resist the move towards change
      - for
        
        technological advances
        
        the pope now has a twitter account to interact with followers and react to current global issues
        
        the c church began to use social media to evangelsie. this is a recent advancement
        
        secularism has given christians the opportunity to look at what makes their religion distinctive in its values and what makes christianity stand out from secular ideologies, such as valuing sanctity a dn dignity of every human life
        
        updated church tecahings
        
        the church has brought in new teachings to be more in line with societal advancements and has reasserted church teachings and beliefs (such as the dignity and importance of women as written about in Mullieris Dignitatem)
        
        so you could argue that C has evolved in an increasingly secular society
        
        christianity has had to develop new ways of thinking ad acting over the 2,000 years of its existence
  - - - against
        
        drive charity values
        
        ethical messages based on Jesus' teachings, like 'love your neighbour' are driving forces behind many charities, both christian and non
        
        good work of church
        
        been a major contributor to art, architecture, literature and music
        
        Chirstians might point to all the good that the Church has offered the world: educating the poor, working abroad, supporting the civil rights movement eg M L King, food banks - as well as churches do on a local level
        
        christians are called to work for the good of society and to be distinctive within society - to challenge where injustice is seen
      - for
        
        rejects science
        
        Dawkins argues that certain denominations of christanity reject the indisputable advances of science and hold society back - eg beliefs about creationism
        
        old fashioned views
        
        some christian ethical stances are at odds with modern, progressive society eg views about homosexuality, women having rights over their bodies and people being allowed to decide when they want to die
        
        you could argue that any absolutist approach to life is intolerant of the views of others and damaging to society. M Daly argues that christianity is patriarchal and sexist
        
        causes warfare
        
        some argue that christianity has caused wars when it has tried to gain supremacy over other traditions such as in the crusades
- - - - Dawkins' view
        
        he argued that teaching evolution alongside other theories, such as creationism in science classes, fails to credit the evidence of evolution
        
        adds that religious schools replace evidence-based approaches to understanding our world with superstitions
      - Dawkins - dangers of secularism
        
        Dawsons essay argues that secular education is problematic. points out that where education systems were consciously anti-religious (meaning deliberately avoiding religion), such as in communist countries, that religion becomes endangered. removing religion from culture, art, architecture, music not only deprives religion but also people who are trying to make sense of their own culture
      - Conroy - liberal democracy
        
        argue that religious schools have an important role in a liberal democratic state - they provide parents with a choice and prove counterbalance to any single driving influence on education
      - danger of religious schools
        
        some religious schools are anti-science and teach that evolution is a myth
        
        faith schools can increase intolerance as they can teach that all other faiths are mistaken or even evil. this can promote hatred, fear and mistrust
        
        in their opinion, the state has no obligation to teach faith and taxes (from many non religious believers) should not be used to fund religious schools
        
        some people who are against religious schools might argue that they could become places where radicalisation takes place
      - British Human Association
        
        campaigns against schools with religious character, stating 'we aim for a secular state guaranteeing human rights, with no privilege or discrimination on grounds of religion belief young people of all diff backgrounds and beliefs can learn with and from eachother'
- - - - against
        
        salvation
        
        christianity talks of an afterlife and a greater God who loves and sustains the world and wants people t worship him.m many values are based upon reaching salvation and this eternal life
        
        JC teaching
        
        these are arguably standalone Christian values
        
        his stories, which many christians try to emulate the teachings of, include messages such as 'turn the other cheek'
        
        distinct values
        
        but many Christians would disagree as if the two are the same, then there is nothing that makes christianity distinctive. upholding the dignity and sanctity of human life over personal choice eg when considering euthanasia and abortion and loving your enemies are example son what would make Christianity more distinctive bc not shared by all of society or humanists/secularists
      - for
        
        10 commandments
        
        some people might argue that spiritual values and human values are very similar
        
        eg, the 10 have many core ethical demands that are universal - you do not need to be religious to follow those that are not about God ' do not steal. and 'do not kill' are commandments that are laws in the vast majority od societies, including more secular societies
- - - - believed in certain circumstance, human mind will create beliefs and images to satisfy its most basic longings and desires
      - that religion was this, an illusion based on wish fulfilment
    - - for F, this suggests that religion persists because it 'contains within the wishes of those men and women which are so important to them that they cancel any doubts they ,ay have about the truth of religion itself'
      - there is no real proof/ evidence of religion and yet sensible men and women continue to believe
    - - created by the mind to help us overcome:
        
        the internal forces of nature
        
        the need for a father figure
        
        the external forces of nature
    - - religion is wish-fulfilment because it is a reflection of out subconscious projecting into out conscious minds. F argues that the main characteristic of an illusion is that it is 'derived from human wishes'
      - he offered both a psychological and a historical explanation for the origins of religion to prove that it was a construct set up by humans, rather than based on objective reality
- - - - this approach causes the greatest harm to scientific advancement about the origin of the universe
      - D concerned by the rise of Christian fundamentalism
    - - it causes wars, misery, death and prevents the progress of science
      - people commit suicide in the name of religion and destroy other people, including unvbelievers and those of different faiths, in the process
      - D argues that r is not only blind and irrational but also dangerous
    - - creationists typically refuse to accept science when they think it conflicts with their interpretation of the Bible
      - D acknowledges 'I am against religion because it teaches us to be satisfied with not understanding the world'
      - D has creationists in mind, who believe in a literal interpretation of the Bible an think that evolution is false
    - - D believes there is simply no reason to believe in God's existence and plenty of contrary evidence such as the existence of evil - philosophical arguments for the problem of evil as disproving Gods existence comes from Mackie's and originally Epicurus
      - likens belief in God to randomly supposing that there is a teapot circling the sun (an example that was first used by Bertrand Russell)