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BIOSTRATIGRAPHY, (RAFAEL MONTRERO; TITO CACERES) - Coggle Diagram
BIOSTRATIGRAPHY
CONCEPT OF ZONE
d'Orbigny's zone concept allowed the subdivision of strata into major fossil-based successions.His student, Albert Oppel, expanded and synthesized Quenstedt's ideas into the zone concept in 1856, forever changing the practice of biostratigraphy. Working with Jurassic rocks in Germany, Oppel defined small-scale units based on the stratigraphic ranges of fossil species
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Stratigraphy based on the paleontologic characteristics of sedimentary rocks is also referred to as stratigraphic paleontology, the study of fossils and their dis-tributions in various geologic formations.Indeed, one of the primary objectives of biostratigraphy is to make possible differentiation of strata into small-scale subunits or zones that can be dated and correlated throughout wide geographic areas, allowing interpretation of Earth history within a precise framework of geologic time.
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CONCEPTOF STAGE
Alcide d'Orbigny's main contribution to biostratigraphy was the introduction of the stage concept. In the 1840s, he proposed the division of strata into large systematic subdivisions, each with a unique and distinctive fossil association.
BIOSTRATIGRAPHIC UNITS
Biostratigraphic unit is defined as a rock layer characterized by its fossil content that differentiates it from adjacent layers. The zone, or biozone, is the fundamental biostratigraphic unit, without having a specific thickness or geographical extension.
- THE BASIS FOR BIOSTRATIGRAPHIC ZONATION: CHANGES IN ORGANISMS THROUGH TIME
Evolution
Darwin made a breakthrough in the understanding of evolution by proposing the concept of natural selection as the process by which new species arise. He recognized that favorable variations are heritable and can be passed on from one generation to the next.
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