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DISCOVERING HYDROCARBONS AND THEIR DERIVATIVES, hydrocarbon derivates are…
DISCOVERING HYDROCARBONS AND THEIR DERIVATIVES
are the simplest organic compounds and they contain carbon and hydrogen
they are colourless and hydrofobic
the class of hydrocarbon is divided in saturted and unsaturated based on how carbon and hydrogen are joined to each other
when carbon and hydrogen are joined by single bonds, they are classified as saturated hydrocarbons
alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons
when carbon and hydrogen are joined by double or triple bonds, they are classified as unsaturated hydrocarbons
alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons
alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons (very reactive)
hydrocarbon derivates are formed when there is a substitution of a functional group
aromatic compounds
alcohols
ethers
aldehydes
ketones
carboxylic acids
esters
amines
aminoacids
carbohydrates
the simplest one is methane
the smallest of these chemicals are gases: methane, ethane and propane
larger molecules are liquid: butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, octane
the very largest ones are solid
they are all flammable