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Digestive & Urinary Systems - Yasmin Martinez Period 1 - Coggle Diagram
Digestive & Urinary Systems - Yasmin Martinez Period 1
Major Functions
Digestive:
Mechanical & Chemical breakdown of foods and absorption of nutrients through
ALIMENTARY CANAL
that passes from mouth to anus
Urinary:
Filters salts and wastes from
blood
, maintain normal concentration of electrolytes and water, regulates ph and body fluid volume, control RBC production and BP
Major Organs: Urinary
Kidneys
Behind parietal peritoneum
Renal Medulla & Renal Cortex
: 2 major regions, regulates volume, composition, and PH of body fluids,
removes metabolic waste from blood forming urine
, control RBC formation rate
Ureters
Moves urine from kidneys to the bladder
Due to positioning the wall of the bladder acts as a one way valve that prevents backflow
Urinary Bladder
stores urine
Urethra
expels urine outside the body
Major Organs: Digestive
Alimentary Canal
muscular tube passing through thoracic and abdominopelvic, mouth, anus
Mucosa:
Inner wall mucous membrane surrounding lumen of the tube, protecting tissues, folding regions increase surface area
Submucosa:
houses blood and lymphatic vessels, nerves, and glands; nourishing surrounding layers, transports absorbed nutrients away from digestive organs
Muscularis:
propels food through canal
Serosa:
protects underlying tissues, secretes serous fluid reducing organ friction
Mouth
Receives food and begins mechanical digestion
Salivary Glands
Saliva moistens and dissolves food particles
aids and tasting and cleansing the mouth
Mucous Cells:
Produce lubricating and binding mucus
Amylase
: Breaks down STARCH into disaccharides
Stomach
Receives food from esophagus , mixes food with digestive juices,
propels food to small intestine
Cardiac Region
: small region near esophagus opening
Fundus Region
: small region superior to cardiac
Body Region
: main portion between fundus and pylorus
Pylorus
: distal portion near small intestine
Pancreas
Exocrine Function: produce pancreatic juice aiding in digestion
Pancreatic Amylase --> Starch --> Disaccharides
Pancreatic Lipase -->Triglycerides --> Glycerol & Fatty Acids
LIver
maintain proper blood concentration of glucose, stores glycogen, iron and vitamins A,D,B 12, synthesizes lipoproteins, phospholipids and cholesterol; filters blood by removing damaged RBC, foreign substances, secretes bile
Gallbladder
stores bile between meals and reabsorbs water to concentrate the bile, wall contracts to release bile into duodenum
major digestive enzymes
Enzyme
-->
Source
--> Action
Salivary Amylase
-->
Salivary Glands
--> Breakdown Starch
Pepsin
-->
Gastric Chief Cells
-->Protein digestion
Pancreatic Amylase
-->
Pancreas
-->Breakdown Starch
Pancreatic Lipase
-->
Pancreas
--> Fats--> Fatty Acids & Glycerol
Proteolytic Enzyme
(Trypsin, Chymotrypsin, Carboxypeptidase)-->
Pancreas
-->Proteins --> Peptides
Nucleases
-->
Pancreas
--> Nucleic Acids --> Nucleotides
Peptides
-->
IMC
--> Peptides-->Amino Acids
Sucrase, Maltase, Lactase
-->IMC-->Disaccharides-->Monosaccharides
Intestinal Lipase
-->
IMC
--> Fats--> Fatty Acids & Glycerol
Entrokinsae
-->
IMC
-->Trypsinogen --> Trypsin
Nephrons
functional unit of urinary system
Renal Tube: Glomerularcapsule
Collecting Duct: Several distal tubules passing from renal cortex into renal medulla
Urinary Diseases
Bladder Cancer
: Bladder cells uncontrolled growth of bacteria along urinary tract; smoking, workplace chemical exposure, radiation to pelvis; hematuria, frequent/urgent urination pains, lower abdomen pain; tell doctor, regular check ups
Urinary Tract Infection:
Abnormal growth of bacterial along urinary tract; sezual activity, pregnant women, menopausal women, burning urination, pain in lower pelvis, clouds urine
Kidney Stones
: calcium stones, uric acid stones, infection stones, cystine stones, high levels of minerals and salts; calcium build, acid build up, infection
Digestive Diseases
Cholecystitis:
Inflammation of Gallbladder; primarily caused by blockage of gall duct, digestive tumors, block of bile duct: tender abdomen, sweating nausea, vomiting; meds,fasting, antibiotics
GERD:
Chronic disease when esophageal sphincter release, allowing the contents of the stomach move here; frequent acid reflex, weak esophageal, obesity; chest pain, heartburn, dysphagia;over counter meds, prescription meds, surgery
IBD:
Chronic complex intestinal condition causing inflammation of digestive tract; unknown, abdominal pain, cramping,diarrhea; meds, antibiotics, fluid replacement
PEPTIC ULCERS
: sores that develop in the lining of the stomach or duodenum; imbalance of gastric juices, bacterial infection, NSAID overuse
POLYGROWTHS:
age, heredity, history of polypus;asymptomatic, bloody stool, constipation; non surgical removal, diet changes
COLORECTAL CANCER
: uncontrolled cell growth in. colon, heredity, diet, chemical exposure; bloody stool, bloating, fatigue, surgery, radiation, chemo