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Concept Map: 12 Digestive & Urinary System Samantha Chavez Per. 3 -…
Concept Map: 12 Digestive & Urinary System
Samantha Chavez
Per. 3
Major functions of the digestive system
Digestion - Mechanical and chemical breakdown of foods and absorption
Mechanical Digestion - breaks down large pieces of flood into smaller ones; chemical composition
Chemical Digestion - breaks down large nutrient molecules down into smaller chemical by breaking chemical bonds
Major functions of the urinary system
Kidneys - filter the blood
Ureters - transport urine from kidneys to bladder
Urinary bladder - stores urine
Uretha - conveys urine to the outside of the body
Major organs of the digestive system
Mouth - The digestive process starts in your mouth when you chew
Esophagus - a muscular tube that connects the pharynx (throat) to the stomach
Stomach - holds the food and mixes it with acid and enzymes that continue to break the food down into a liquid or paste
Pancreas - it is an organ of the digestive system and of the endocrine system
Gallbladder - stores and concentrates bile from the liver
Small intestine - has three parts: the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum
Liver - to process and purify the blood containing newly absorbed nutrients that are coming from the small intestine
Large intestine - is connected to the small intestine at one end and the anus at the other.
Anus - consists of pelvic floor muscles and two anal sphincters (internal and external)
Major organs of the urinary systems
Kidneys
Ureters
urinary bladder
Uretha
Digestive enzymes (including names and functions)
Amylase - made in the mouth and pancreas; breaks down complex carbohydrates
Lipase - made in the pancreas; breaks down fats
Protease - made in the pancreas; breaks down proteins
Location of digestion and absorption of each macromolecule
Macromolecule - region in Alimentary System Digested
Protein - stomach and small intestine
Nucleic acids - small intestine
Carbohydrates - oral cavity and small intestine
Lipids - oral cavity, stomach, and small intestine
Layers of the GI tract (including stomach)
Mucosa
Protects tissues of the canal
A mucous membrane that surrounds the lumen the tube
Consists of epithelium, underlying connective tissue, a little smooth muscle
Submucosa
Consists of loose connective tissue, housing blood and lymphatic vessels, nerves, and glands
Nourishes the surrounding layers of the canal
Muscularis
consists of two layer of smooth muscle: inner circular layer and outer longitudinal layer
Serosa
Outer serous layer or visceral peritoneum
Protects underlying tissues and secretes serous fluid to reduce friction between organs
Nephron anatomy and physiology
Nephron anatomy
Physiology
Disorders of the digestive and urinary systems
Cholecystitis - An inflammation of the gallbladder
Symptoms - sweating, chills, and vomiting
Treatment - medication, fasting, and antibiotics
GERD ( gastroesophageal reflux disease ) - A chronic disease that occurs when the esophageal sphincter relaxes
Symptoms - chest pain, heart pain, and acid reflux
Treatment - surgery and prescription medication
Peptic Ulcers -sores that develop in the lining of stomach or the duodenum
Symptoms - vomiting, bloating, and weight loss
Treatment - Endoscopic surgery and medication
IBD ( Inflammatory Bowel Disease ) - A chronic complex intestinal condition that causes inflammation inject tract
Symptoms - cramping, fever. and diarrhea
Treatment - Medication, antibiotics and fluid replacement
Bladder Cancer - Cancer is when your body cells grow out of control
Symptoms - Back pain, pain when you pass urine and pain in lower abdomen
Treatment - Talk to healthcare or limit your exposure to workplace
UTI ( Urinary Tract Inflection ) - Is the abnormal growth of bacteria anywhere along the urinary tract
Symptoms - Cloudy urine, blood in the urine, and pain
Treatment - Antibiotics ( depending the type of bacteria you have ) and oral antibiotics pills
Kidney stones - urine contains many dissolved minerals and salts
Symptoms - Kidney to swell, a burning feeling while urinating
Treatment - surgery, medication, and wait for the stone to pass by itself
