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Case Study: Deforestation, STF3033 Environmental Assessment Impact -…
Case Study: Deforestation
Major Activities that Drives to Deforestation
Palm Oil Plantation
Palm oil originated in West Africa and was introduced to Malaysia in the 19th century.
Palm oil become the most dominant in the global vegetable oil market with Malaysia among the top exporters and producers.
The expansion of palm oil plantations leads to the conversion of natural forests to agricultural land use.
This makes palm oil plantations the second biggest driver of deforestation.
Timber Plantation
Started under Development of Forest Plantation Programme that was introduced in March 2005.
An effort to decrease pressure on the native forest as a source of raw materials and to ensure availability for the domestic timber industry.
The program targeted to develop 130 000 ha of forest plantation and is expected to produce 26 million cubic meters of timber.
The expansion of timber plantations leads to deforestation and makes it the biggest driver of deforestation.
Similarities and Differences of the Selected Prescribed Activity
Similarities
All the prescribed activities included the conversion of the forest to a plantation.
Differences
The Natural Resources and Environment Ordinance:
The Natural Resources and Environment (Prescribed Activities) Order 1997
Environment Protection Enactment 2002:
Environment Protection (Prescribed Activities) Environmental Impact Assessment) Order 2005
Requires a minimum of 500 hectares of plantation areas.
Environmental Quality Act 1974:
Environmental Quality (Prescribed Activities) (Environmental Impact Assessment) Order 2015
Requires a minimum of 100 hectares of forest to be converted to a plantation.
Mitigation Measures
Buffer Zones for Protected Areas
The impact of oil palm plantation development on the biodiversity of nearby protected areas can be minimized by establishing buffer zones between the plantation site and the protected area.
The width of the buffer must be determined based on the values to be protected and the level of threat from the plantation.
Transportation of Machinery Materials
The transportation of logs or machinery should be done during off-peak traffic hours.
Adequate warning signs should be placed at appropriate sites to alert road users to the presence of project activities.
Phased Logging and Forest Clearance
A phased forest clearance and replanting plan will reduce soil erosion and water pollution problems.
Phased logging and clearance can also support wildlife protection by allowing animals to escape to nearby-uncut areas as new areas are logged.
Environmental Quality Act 1974:
Environmental Quality (Prescribed Activities) (Environmental Impact Assessment) Order 2015
Forestry 5(a),(d)
The minimum size of forest conversion 300m or above mean sea level to land use that require EIA is 100 hectares.
The Natural Resources and Environment Ordinance:
The Natural Resources and Environment (Prescribed Activities) Order 1997
Logging
The minimum size of timber extraction that require EIA is 500 hectares.
Environment Protection Enactment 2002:
Environment Protection (Prescribed Activities) Environmental Impact Assessment) Order 2005
Forestry
The minimum size of forest plantation that require EIA is 500 hectares.
STF3033 Environmental Assessment Impact
Group Members:
Evney Evlyn Darius 79370
Batrisyia Adawiyah Binti Indra Malindo 78951
Nurfara Nadia Binti Ag Janih 80759
Nur Hidayatun Niesha Binti Sapri 80627
Syarfa Afra Binti Mohammad Shamsul 78554